Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
337 results found
Article
Thymic rebound hyperplasia
Thymic rebound hyperplasia is considered a form of true thymic hyperplasia.
Pathology
In periods of bodily stress the thymus may acutely shrink to 40% of its original volume (depending on the severity and duration of the stress). During the recovery phase it can grow back to its original size ...
Article
Leukostasis
Leukostasis, also known as symptomatic hyperleukocytosis, is a medical emergency in patients with leukemia, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and in the blast phase of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), characterized by the over-accumulation of leukemic cells within the small vessels. Altho...
Article
Primary cutaneous lymphoma
Primary cutaneous lymphomas represent a group of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas (T- or B-cell) primarily confined to the skin with no evidence of extracutaneous disease at the time of diagnosis (cf. secondary involvement of the skin).
Mycosis fungoides is the most prevalent type of primary c...
Article
CNS lymphoma
CNS lymphoma refers to the involvement of the central nervous system with lymphoma. It can be broadly divided into primary and secondary, with a number of special types also recognized.
primary lymphomas of the CNS
primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the CNS
immunodeficiency-associated ...
Article
Secondary pulmonary lymphoma
Secondary pulmonary lymphomas refer to pulmonary involvement with lymphoma when the condition is not limited to the lung and has mediastinal lymph node involvement or evidence of extrathoracic dissemination for at least three months after the initial diagnosis. This is a more common form of pulm...
Article
Mantle cell lymphoma
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and accounts for ~5% of all NHL. It is a malignant neoplasm of virgin B cells that closely resemble normal mantle zone B cells surrounding germinal centers.
Epidemiology
They occur in older adults (mean age ~60 years), and ther...
Article
Splenic pseudocyst
Splenic pseudocysts, also known as secondary splenic cysts, are acquired cystic lesions not delineated by a true epithelial wall. They represent the majority of the splenic cystic lesions, corresponding to approximately 80% of them (cf. splenic epithelial cysts). The main causes are:
splenic t...
Article
Splenic cyst
Splenic epithelial cysts, also known as splenic epidermoid cysts or primary splenic cysts, are unilocular fluid lesions with thin and smooth walls and no enhancement. They represent ~20% of cysts found in the spleen and are usually an innocuous incidental imaging finding.
Note that most (~80%) ...
Article
Splenic biopsy
Percutaneous splenic biopsy, using either ultrasound or CT guidance, is an accurate and reliable method of acquiring splenic tissue for histopathological assessment and has been proposed as an alternative for splenectomy in selected patients.
Although the procedure has been historically feared ...
Article
Lederer-Brill disease
Lederer-Brill disease is a transient autoimmune hemolytic anemia with very variable clinical features 1.
Epidemiology
Lederer-Brill disease is slightly more prevalent in females 1.
Clinical presentation
It usually occurs in children with a recent history of infection. Symptoms and signs incl...
Article
Ann Arbor staging system (historical)
The Ann Arbor staging system was the landmark lymphoma staging classification system for both Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is named after the town of Ann Arbor in the US state of Michigan where the Committee on Hodgkin's Disease Staging Classification met in 1971 to agree on it....
Article
Evans syndrome
Evans syndrome is an autoimmune condition with two or more cytopenias, usually caused by autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), with or without immune neutropenia.
Epidemiology
Evans syndrome is considered rare, with defining bicytopenias present in less than 5% ...
Article
Bone marrow
Bone marrow is ubiquitous throughout the skeleton, primarily composed of hematopoietic cells and fat cells between bony trabeculae and fibrous retinacula. It performs numerous physiological functions and dynamically changes during normal aging and in response to stressors and pathology. Although...
Article
Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome
Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome (HSES) is a rare pediatric encephalopathy syndrome with a high mortality rate.
Epidemiology
Hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome is considered rare, although the exact global incidence and prevalence is not known. The condition occurs in i...
Article
Gallbladder lymphoma
Gallbladder lymphoma is exceedingly rare and presents diagnostic challenges due to its imaging characteristics often resembling those of gallbladder adenocarcinoma.
Epidemiology
Primary lymphomas of the gallbladder are extremely rare, accounting for approximately 0.1-0.2% of all malignant tumo...
Article
Lymph node imaging
Lymph node imaging is a useful technique, aiding the clinician in determining whether nodes are benign or malignant. Multiple modalities are used for the assessment and characterization of lymph nodes, each with its advantages and drawbacks.
Modalities
Ultrasound
size
number
shape
contour...
Article
Neurolymphomatosis
Neurolymphomatosis is a rare cause of neuropathy due to infiltration of the peripheral nervous system by a hematologic malignancy, in the great majority a B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
It should be differentiated from non-tumor neuropathies associated with lymphoma, such as irradiation, chemothe...
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