Atrial septal occlusion device

Changed by Mateusz Wilczek, 8 Jan 2024

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PFO occluder

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Atrial septal occlusion devices are implantable cardiac devices used in patients with certain types of atrial septal defects or patent foramen ovale⁴.

They are used in cases of atrial septal defects with right atrial or ventricle enlargement, to prevent paradoxical embolism, left-to-right shunting and platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome ¹. However, only secundum atrial septal defects are suitable for closure with such devices ².

The devices, inserted percutaneously, are deployed using a catheter and consist of a self-expanding double disk composed of nitinol mesh ³. The disks sit on both sides of the septal defect and occlude the defect. The Amplatzer Septal Occluder is the most common atrial septal occlusion device ³. These devices have also been used in the closure of muscular ventricular septal defects ³.

Radiographic features

Plain radiograph

Circular disk-like structure visible over the location expected to be the interatrial septum ¹.

Echocardiography

Echocardiography is usually performed to ensure proper device positioning and to monitor for the presence of a residual shunt ¹.

-<p><strong>Atrial septal occlusion devices</strong> are implantable cardiac devices used in patients with certain types of <a href="/articles/atrial-septal-defect-2">atrial septal defects</a>.</p><p>They are used in cases of atrial septal defects with right atrial or ventricle enlargement, to prevent <a href="/articles/paradoxical-embolism">paradoxical embolism</a>, left-to-right shunting and <a title="Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome" href="/articles/platypnoea-orthodeoxia-syndrome">platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome</a> <sup>1</sup>. However, only secundum atrial septal defects are suitable for closure with such devices <sup>2</sup>.</p><p>The devices, inserted percutaneously, are deployed using a catheter and consist of a self-expanding double disk composed of nitinol mesh <sup>3</sup>. The disks sit on both sides of the septal defect and occlude the defect. The Amplatzer Septal Occluder is the most common atrial septal occlusion device <sup>3</sup>. These devices have also been used in the closure of muscular <a href="/articles/ventricular-septal-defect-1">ventricular septal defects</a> <sup>3</sup>.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>Plain radiograph</h5><p>Circular disk-like structure visible over the location expected to be the interatrial septum <sup>1</sup>.</p><h5>Echocardiography</h5><p><a title="Echocardiography" href="/articles/echocardiography">Echocardiography</a> is usually performed to ensure proper device positioning and to monitor for the presence of a residual shunt <sup>1</sup>.</p>
+<p><strong>Atrial septal occlusion devices</strong> are implantable cardiac devices used in patients with certain types of <a href="/articles/atrial-septal-defect-2">atrial septal defects</a> or <a href="/articles/patent-foramen-ovale" title="Patent foramen ovale">patent foramen ovale</a> <sup>4</sup>.</p><p>They are used in cases of atrial septal defects with right atrial or ventricle enlargement, to prevent <a href="/articles/paradoxical-embolism">paradoxical embolism</a>, left-to-right shunting and <a href="/articles/platypnoea-orthodeoxia-syndrome" title="Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome">platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome</a> <sup>1</sup>. However, only secundum atrial septal defects are suitable for closure with such devices <sup>2</sup>.</p><p>The devices, inserted percutaneously, are deployed using a catheter and consist of a self-expanding double disk composed of nitinol mesh <sup>3</sup>. The disks sit on both sides of the septal defect and occlude the defect. The Amplatzer Septal Occluder is the most common atrial septal occlusion device <sup>3</sup>. These devices have also been used in the closure of muscular <a href="/articles/ventricular-septal-defect-1">ventricular septal defects</a> <sup>3</sup>.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>Plain radiograph</h5><p>Circular disk-like structure visible over the location expected to be the interatrial septum <sup>1</sup>.</p><h5>Echocardiography</h5><p><a href="/articles/echocardiography" title="Echocardiography">Echocardiography</a> is usually performed to ensure proper device positioning and to monitor for the presence of a residual shunt <sup>1</sup>.</p>

References changed:

4. Giblett J, Williams L, Kyranis S, Shapiro L, Calvert P. Patent Foramen Ovale Closure: State of the Art. Interv Cardiol. 2020;15:e15. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15420/icr.2019.27">doi:10.15420/icr.2019.27</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33318751">Pubmed</a>

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