Bilobed placenta
Updates to Article Attributes
A bilobed placenta also referred to as bipartite placenta, is a variation in placental morphology and refers to a placenta separated into two near equal-sizedlobes. If more than two lobes are present, it is termed a trilobed, four-lobed, and so on. If the second lobe is smaller than the main lobe (with the umbilical cord insertion), then the smaller lobe is termed a succenturiate lobe.
Epidemiology
The estimated incidence is at up to ~4% of pregnancies.
Associations
Pathology
It is thought to result from localised placental atrophy as a result of poor dedicualisationdecidualisation or vascularisation of a part of the uterus (dynamic placentation theory) 5.
Associations
Radiographic features
Antenatal ultrasound
May be sonographically seen as two separate placental discs of nearly equal size. The cord usually attaches to a thin connecting rim of chorionic tissue whichthat bridges the two lobes. Less commonly the cord may insert into one of the lobes.
Treatment and prognosis
Complications
it carries an increased incidence of type II vasa
previapraeviait may increase the incidence of postpartum haemorrhage due to retained placental tissue
Differential diagnosis
If more than one lobe of the placenta is seen in an antenatal scan consider:
succenturiate lobe: accessory lobe(s) smaller in size than the main lobe
twin pregnancy with two placentas
-<p>A <strong>bilobed placenta</strong> also referred to as <strong>bipartite placenta</strong>, is a <a href="/articles/variation-in-placental-morphology">variation in placental morphology</a> and refers to a placenta separated into two <strong>near equal-sized </strong>lobes. If more than two lobes are present, it is termed a trilobed, four-lobed and so on. If the second lobe is smaller than the main lobe (with the umbilical cord insertion), then the smaller lobe is termed a <a href="/articles/succenturiate-lobe">succenturiate lobe</a>.</p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>The estimated incidence is at up to ~4% of pregnancies.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>It is thought to result from localised placental atrophy as a result of poor dedicualisation or vascularisation of a part of the uterus (dynamic placentation theory) <sup>5</sup>.</p><h5>Associations</h5><ul><li><a href="/articles/velamentous-insertion-of-the-cord">velamentous insertion of the cord</a></li></ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>Antenatal ultrasound</h5><p>May be sonographically seen as two separate placental discs of nearly equal size. The cord usually attaches to a thin connecting rim of chorionic tissue which bridges the two lobes. Less commonly the cord may insert into one of the lobes.</p><h4>Complications</h4><ul>-<li>it carries an increased incidence of type II <a href="/articles/vasa-praevia-1">vasa previa</a>-</li>-<li>it may increase the incidence of postpartum haemorrhage due to retained placental tissue</li>- +<p>A <strong>bilobed placenta</strong> also referred to as <strong>bipartite placenta</strong>, is a <a href="/articles/variation-in-placental-morphology">variation in placental morphology</a> and refers to a placenta separated into two near equal-sized<strong> </strong>lobes. If more than two lobes are present, it is termed a trilobed, four-lobed, and so on. If the second lobe is smaller than the main lobe (with the umbilical cord insertion), then the smaller lobe is termed a <a href="/articles/succenturiate-lobe">succenturiate lobe</a>.</p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>The estimated incidence is at up to ~4% of pregnancies.</p><h5>Associations</h5><ul><li><p><a href="/articles/velamentous-insertion-of-the-cord">velamentous insertion of the cord</a></p></li></ul><h4>Pathology</h4><p>It is thought to result from localised placental atrophy as a result of poor decidualisation or vascularisation of a part of the uterus (dynamic placentation theory) <sup>5</sup>.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>Antenatal ultrasound</h5><p>May be sonographically seen as two separate placental discs of nearly equal size. The cord usually attaches to a thin connecting rim of chorionic tissue that bridges the two lobes. Less commonly the cord may insert into one of the lobes.</p><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><h5>Complications</h5><ul>
- +<li><p>it carries an increased incidence of type II <a href="/articles/vasa-praevia-1">vasa praevia</a></p></li>
- +<li><p>it may increase the incidence of postpartum haemorrhage due to retained placental tissue</p></li>
-<li>-<a href="/articles/succenturiate-lobe">succenturiate lobe</a>: accessory lobe(s) smaller in size than the main lobe</li>-<li>-<a href="/articles/twin-pregnancy-1">twin pregnancy</a> with two placentas</li>- +<li><p><a href="/articles/succenturiate-lobe">succenturiate lobe</a>: accessory lobe(s) smaller in size than the main lobe</p></li>
- +<li><p><a href="/articles/twin-pregnancy-1">twin pregnancy</a> with two placentas</p></li>
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