Bladder outlet obstruction
Updates to Article Attributes
Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) as the name implies results can come from an obstructiona number of conditions affecting the urethra/bladder and/or bladder outlet1
Clinical Presentation
Patients often present with difficulty in urination, retention and urinary discomfort 2.
Pathophysiology
Obstruction can be caused by multiple eitolgies but is most often seen from urethral strictures, mass lesions within the periurethral region, prostate enlargement, and congenital urethral valves1.
Radiographic features
On radiographic evaluation, the bladder wall appears thickened and trabeculated. Urinary retention is noted with increased post void residual on sonographic or voiding studies.
Treatment
The goal of treatment is to relieve the obstruction and prevent urinary tract infectioninfectionss and renal compromise. This can be done by either catheterizationcatheterisation or surgical intervention depending on the aetiology of the obstruction 2.
Differential diagnosis
On imaging consider
-<p><strong>Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO)</strong> as the name implies results from an obstruction of the urethra/bladder outlet <sup>1</sup>.</p><h4>Clinical Presentation</h4><p>Patients often present with difficulty in urination, retention and urinary discomfort <sup>2</sup>.</p><h4>Pathophysiology</h4><p>Obstruction can be caused by multiple eitolgies but is most often seen from <a href="/articles/urethral-stricture">urethral strictures</a>, mass lesions within the periurethral region, <a href="/articles/benign-prostatic-hyperplasia">prostate enlargement</a>, and <a href="/articles/posterior-urethral-valves">congenital urethral valves</a><sup>1</sup>.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><p>On radiographic evaluation, the bladder wall appears thickened and trabeculated. Urinary retention is noted with increased post void residual on sonographic or voiding studies.</p><h4>Treatment</h4><p>The goal of treatment is to relieve the obstruction and prevent <a href="/articles/paediatric-urinary-tract-infection-2">urinary tract infection</a>s and renal compromise. This can be done by either catheterization or surgical intervention depending on the aetiology of the obstruction <sup>2</sup>. </p><h4>Differential diagnosis</h4><p>On imaging consider</p><ul>- +<p><strong>Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO)</strong> can come from a number of conditions affecting the urethra and/or bladder outlet. </p><h4>Clinical Presentation</h4><p>Patients often present with difficulty in urination, retention and urinary discomfort <sup>2</sup>.</p><h4>Pathophysiology</h4><p>Obstruction can be caused by multiple eitolgies but is most often seen from <a href="/articles/urethral-stricture">urethral strictures</a>, mass lesions within the periurethral region, <a href="/articles/benign-prostatic-hyperplasia">prostate enlargement</a>, and <a href="/articles/posterior-urethral-valves">congenital urethral valves</a><sup>1</sup>.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><p>On radiographic evaluation, the bladder wall appears thickened and trabeculated. Urinary retention is noted with increased post void residual on sonographic or voiding studies.</p><h4>Treatment</h4><p>The goal of treatment is to relieve the obstruction and prevent <a title="Urinary tract infections" href="/articles/urinary-tract-infection">urinary tract infections</a> and renal compromise. This can be done by either catheterisation or surgical intervention depending on the aetiology of the obstruction <sup>2</sup>. </p><h4>Differential diagnosis</h4><p>On imaging consider</p><ul>
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