Cardiac valves
Updates to Article Attributes
Body
was changed:
The four cardiac valves direct the flow of blood through the heart during the cardiac cycle.
Gross anatomy
The heart valves are located in the cardiac fibrous skeleton:
- two are atrioventricular (AV) valves: the right-sided tricuspid valve and left-sided mitral (bicuspid) valve
- open during diastole to direct blood flow from the atria to the ventricles
- close during systole to prevent regurgitation back into the atria from the ventricles
- are attached to papillary muscles via chordae tendineae
- two are semilunar valves: the right-sided pulmonary valve and left-sided aortic valve
- open during systole to direct blood flow from the contracting ventricles through the right ventricle and left ventricle outflow tracts to the pulmonary trunk and ascending aorta, respectively
- close during diastole to prevent regurgitation back into the ventricles from the pulmonary trunk and ascending aorta
- these valves do not have chordae tendineae or papillary muscles
It is best to list the four valves in order of the series that blood travels through the heart:
- venous blood returning from the body drains into the right atrium via the SVC, IVC and coronary sinus
- the right atrium pumps blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle
- the right ventricle
pumpspumps blood through the pulmonary semilunar valveinto the pulmonary trunk to be oxygenated in the lungs - blood returning from the lungs drains into the left atrium via the four pulmonary veins
- the left atrium pumps blood through the bicuspid (mitral) valve into the left ventricle
- the left ventricle pumps blood through the aortic semilunar valve into the ascending aorta to supply the body
See also
-<li>are attached to <a href="/articles/papillary-muscles">papillary muscles</a> via <a title="Chordae tendineae" href="/articles/chordaetendineae">chordae tendineae</a>- +<li>are attached to <a href="/articles/papillary-muscles">papillary muscles</a> via <a href="/articles/chordaetendineae">chordae tendineae</a>
-<li>the <a href="/articles/peroneus-brevis-1">right ventricle </a>pumps blood through the <a href="/articles/pulmonary-valve">pulmonary semilunar valve</a><a href="/articles/peroneus-brevis-1"> </a>into the <a href="/articles/pulmonary-trunk">pulmonary trunk</a> to be oxygenated in the <a href="/articles/lung">lungs</a>- +<li>the <a title="Right ventricle" href="/articles/right-ventricle">right ventricle</a> pumps blood through the <a href="/articles/pulmonary-valve">pulmonary semilunar valve</a><a href="/articles/peroneus-brevis-1"> </a>into the <a href="/articles/pulmonary-trunk">pulmonary trunk</a> to be oxygenated in the <a href="/articles/lung">lungs</a>