Cavum septum pellucidum
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The cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) is a normal variant CSF space between the leaflets of the septum pellucidum. It is sometimes called the fifth ventricle.
Epidemiology
A CSP is present in 100% of fetuses, but over 85% of them fuse by 3-6 months of age meaning that a CSP is present in ~15% of the population.
Gross anatomy
The CSP commonly occurs, and is confused, with the more posterior cavum vergae by the anterior columns of the fornix. During development, these spaces obliterate postero-anteriorly - the cavum vergae followed by the cavum septum pellucidum - and it is not uncommon but both of these occur together.
Boundaries 1
- anteriorly - genu of the corpus callosum
- superiorly - body of the corpus callosum
- posteriorly - anterior limb and pillars of the fornix
- inferiorly - anterior commissure and the rostrum of the corpus callosum
- laterally - leaflets of the septum pellucidum
Related pathology
It has been loosely associated with 3-5:
- schizophrenia
- post-traumatic stress disorder
- chronic brain trauma
However, an absent cavum septum pellucidum in antenatal imaging is a concerning feature and is associated with significant CNS anomalies 6.
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