Codman triangle periosteal reaction

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A~~Codman~~ Codman triangle is a type of periosteal reaction seen with aggressive bone lesions. The periosteum does not have time to ossify with shells of new bone (e.g. as seen in a single layer and multilayered periosteal reaction) in aggressive lesions, so only the edge of the raised periosteum will ossify.

The Codman triangle may be seen with the following aggressive lesions:

osteosarcoma
Ewing sarcoma
osteomyelitis
active aneurysmal bone cyst
giant cell tumour
metastasis
chondrosarcoma (especially juxtacortical chondrosarcoma)
malignant fibrous histiocytoma

History and etymology

It was first described by Ribbert in 1914 ². However, it is named for the American surgeon Ernest Amory Codman (1869-1940), who described it in the setting of Ewing sarcoma ^3,4.

-<p><strong>Codman triangle</strong> is a type of <a href="/articles/periosteal-reaction">periosteal reaction</a> seen with aggressive bone lesions. The periosteum does not have time to ossify with shells of new bone (e.g. as seen in a <a href="/articles/single-layer-periosteal-reaction">single layer</a> and <a href="/articles/multilayered-periosteal-reaction">multilayered</a> periosteal reaction) in aggressive lesions, so only the edge of the raised periosteum will ossify.</p><p>The Codman triangle may be seen with the following aggressive lesions:</p><ul>
+<p>A<strong> Codman triangle</strong> is a type of <a href="/articles/periosteal-reaction">periosteal reaction</a> seen with aggressive bone lesions. The periosteum does not have time to ossify with shells of new bone (e.g. as seen in a <a href="/articles/single-layer-periosteal-reaction">single layer</a> and <a href="/articles/multilayered-periosteal-reaction">multilayered</a> periosteal reaction) in aggressive lesions, so only the edge of the raised periosteum will ossify.</p><p>The Codman triangle may be seen with the following aggressive lesions:</p><ul>
-</ul><h4>History and etymology</h4><p>It was first described by <strong>Ribbert </strong>in 1914 <sup>2</sup>. However, it is named for <strong>Ernest Amory Codman</strong>, who described it in the setting of Ewing sarcoma <sup>3</sup>.</p><h4>See also</h4><ul><li><a href="/articles/periosteal-reaction">periosteal reaction</a></li></ul>
+</ul><h4>History and etymology</h4><p>It was first described by <strong>Ribbert </strong>in 1914 <sup>2</sup>. However, it is named for the American surgeon <strong>Ernest Amory Codman</strong> (1869-1940), who described it in the setting of Ewing sarcoma <sup>3,4</sup>.</p><h4>See also</h4><ul><li><a href="/articles/periosteal-reaction">periosteal reaction</a></li></ul>

References changed:

4. Brand RA. Ernest Amory Codman, MD, 1869-1940. (2009) Clinical orthopaedics and related research. 467 (11): 2763-5. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-009-1047-8">doi:10.1007/s11999-009-1047-8</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19690929">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>

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Codman triangle periosteal reaction

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History and etymology

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