Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Weerakkody Y, Hacking C, Deng F, et al. Coronary arterial ectasia. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 23 Apr 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-40959
Coronary arterial ectasia (CAE) refers to diffuse dilatation of the coronary arteries. Under some classification systems, there is some overlap with the term coronary arterial aneurysms (which is a more focal dilatation).
It is often defined as dilatation of an arterial segment to a diameter at least 1.5 times (i.e. 150%) that of the adjacent normal coronary artery (unaffected segment) and involves at least 50% or more of the length of the artery 1.
They may be present in up to ~5% (range 3-8%) of angiographic and in ~1% (range 0.2-1.4%) of autopsy series.
Etiology
It is attributed to atherosclerosis in 50% of patients while in ~25% of patients it may be congenital in origin.
Associations
- coronary artery disease: co-exists in the great majority of patients
- inflammatory or connective tissue diseases: 10-20% cases and include
- connective tissue disorders
- purely congenital in origin in a small proportion of cases
Classification
One method of classification is 1:
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type I: diffuse ectasia of two or three vessels
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type II: diffuse ectasia of one vessel and localized disease in other, i.e. an aneurysm
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type III: diffuse ectasia in only one vessel
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type IV: focal coronary aneurysm in one vessel
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1. Díaz-Zamudio M, Bacilio-Pérez U, Herrera-Zarza MC et-al. Coronary artery aneurysms and ectasia: role of coronary CT angiography. Radiographics. 2009;29 (7): 1939-54. doi:10.1148/rg.297095048 - Pubmed citation
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2. Gunes Y, Boztosun B, Yildiz A et-al. Clinical profile and outcome of coronary artery ectasia. Heart. 2006;92 (8): 1159-60. doi:10.1136/hrt.2005.069633 - Free text at pubmed - Pubmed citation
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3. Manginas A, Cokkinos DV. Coronary artery ectasias: imaging, functional assessment and clinical implications. Eur. Heart J. 2005;27 (9): 1026-31. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehi725 - Pubmed citation
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4. Aboeata AS, Sontineni SP, Alla VM et-al. Coronary artery ectasia: current concepts and interventions. Front Biosci (Elite Ed). 2012;4: 300-10. Pubmed citation
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5. Ramappa P, Kottam A, Kuivanemi H et-al. Coronary artery ectasia-is it time for a reappraisal?. Clin Cardiol. 2007;30 (5): 214-7. doi:10.1002/clc.20002 - Pubmed citation
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6. Chakrabarti S, Thomas E, Wright JG, Vettukattil JJ. Congenital coronary artery dilatation. Heart (British Cardiac Society). 89 (6): 595-6. Pubmed
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