Epilepsy protocol (MRI)
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MRI protocol for for epilepsy is a group of MRI sequences put together to improve sensitivity and specificity in identifying possible structural abnormalities that underlie seizure disorders (e.g. mesial temporal sclerosis and malformation of cortical development). MRI is the imaging procedure of choice for epilepsy investigation, especially the 3 Tesla MRI.
Note: This article is intended to outline some general principles of protocol design. The specifics will vary depending on MRI hardware and software, radiologist's and referrer's preference, institutional protocols, patient factors (e.g. allergy) and time constraints.
Sequences
Nonfocal epilepsy protocol
A good protocol for this purpose involves at least:
-
T1
- sequence:
axial and coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition
- sequence:
-
-
inversion recovery sequences
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DIR
-
sequencesequence:3D isotropic acquisition
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-
DIR
- DWI
/ADC - SWI or T2*
Temporal lobe epilepsy protocol
A good protocol for this purpose involves at least:
-<p><strong><a href="/articles/mri-protocols">MRI protocol</a> for epilepsy </strong>is a group of <a href="/articles/mri-sequences-overview">MRI sequences</a> put together to improve sensitivity and specificity in identifying possible structural abnormalities that underlie seizure disorders (e.g. <a href="/articles/mesial-temporal-sclerosis">mesial temporal sclerosis</a> and <a href="/articles/mild-malformation-of-cortical-development">malformation of cortical development</a>). MRI is the imaging procedure of choice for epilepsy investigation, especially the 3 Tesla MRI. </p><p><em>Note: This article is intended to outline some general principles of protocol design. The specifics will vary depending on MRI hardware and software, radiologist's and referrer's preference, institutional protocols, patient factors (e.g. allergy) and time constraints. </em></p><h4>Sequences</h4><h5>Nonfocal epilepsy protocol </h5><p>A good protocol for this purpose involves at least:</p><ul>- +<p><strong>MRI protocol for epilepsy </strong>is a group of <a href="/articles/mri-sequences-overview">MRI sequences</a> put together to improve sensitivity and specificity in identifying possible structural abnormalities that underlie seizure disorders (e.g. <a href="/articles/mesial-temporal-sclerosis">mesial temporal sclerosis</a> and <a href="/articles/mild-malformation-of-cortical-development">malformation of cortical development</a>). MRI is the imaging procedure of choice for epilepsy investigation, especially the 3 Tesla MRI. </p><p><em>Note: This article is intended to outline some general principles of protocol design. The specifics will vary depending on MRI hardware and software, radiologist's and referrer's preference, institutional protocols, patient factors (e.g. allergy) and time constraints. </em></p><h4>Sequences</h4><h5>Nonfocal epilepsy protocol </h5><p>A good protocol for this purpose involves at least:</p><ul>
-<a href="/articles/t1-weighted-image"><strong>T1</strong></a><ul><li>sequence:<strong> </strong>axial and coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition </li></ul>- +<strong>T1</strong><ul><li>sequence:<strong> </strong>axial and coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition </li></ul>
-<p><strong><a href="/articles/fluid-attenuation-inversion-recovery">FLAIR</a> </strong></p>-<ul><li><p><strong></strong>sequence:<strong> </strong>axial and angled coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition </p></li></ul>- +<p><strong>FLAIR </strong></p>
- +<ul><li><p>sequence:<strong> </strong>axial and angled coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition </p></li></ul>
-<a href="/articles/inversion-recovery-sequences"><strong>inversion recovery sequences</strong></a> <ul><li>-<a href="/articles/double-inversion-recovery-sequence"><strong>DIR</strong></a><ul><li>sequence:<strong> </strong>3D isotropic acquisition </li></ul>- +<strong>inversion recovery sequences</strong> <ul><li>
- +<strong>DIR</strong><ul><li>sequence:<strong> </strong>3D isotropic acquisition </li></ul>
-<li><strong><a href="/articles/diffusion-weighted-imaging-1">DWI</a>/<a href="/articles/apparent-diffusion-coefficient-1">ADC</a></strong></li>- +<li><strong>DWI/ADC</strong></li>
-<strong><a href="/articles/susceptibility-weighted-imaging-1">SWI</a> </strong>or <strong>T2*</strong>- +<strong>SWI </strong>or <strong>T2*</strong>
-<a href="/articles/t1-weighted-image"><strong>T1</strong></a><ul><li>-<strong></strong>sequence: axial and coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition </li></ul>- +<strong>T1</strong><ul><li>sequence: axial and coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition </li></ul>
-<p><strong><a href="/articles/fluid-attenuation-inversion-recovery">FLAIR</a></strong></p>- +<p><strong>FLAIR</strong></p>
-<p><a href="/articles/t2-weighted-image"><strong>T2</strong></a></p>-<ul><li><p><strong></strong>sequence: angled coronal</p></li></ul>- +<p><strong>T2</strong></p>
- +<ul><li><p>sequence: angled coronal</p></li></ul>
-<li><strong><a href="/articles/diffusion-weighted-imaging-1">DWI</a>/<a href="/articles/apparent-diffusion-coefficient-1">ADC</a></strong></li>- +<li><strong>DWI/ADC</strong></li>
-<strong><a href="/articles/susceptibility-weighted-imaging-1">SWI</a> </strong>or <strong>T2*</strong>- +<strong>SWI </strong>or <strong>T2*</strong>
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