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Epilepsy protocol (MRI)

Changed by Bruno Di Muzio, 11 Aug 2015
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MRI protocol for epilepsyis a group of MRI sequences put together to improve sensitivity and specificity in identifying possible structural abnormalities that underlie seizure disorders (e.g. mesial temporal sclerosis and malformation of cortical development). MRI is the imaging imaging procedure of choice for epilepsy investigation, especially the 3 Tesla MRI. 

Although theNote: This article is intended to outline some general principles of protocol design. The specifics of a protocol are dependentwill vary depending on MRI hardware and software, radiologist's and referrer's preference, institutional protocols, patient factors (e.g. allergy) and time constraints, the idea of this article is expose general principles of protocol design.

Sequences

Non-focalNonfocal epilepsy protocol 

A good protocol for this purpose involves at involves at least:

  • T1
    • sequence: ​axial and coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition 

  • FLAIR

    • FLAIR​sequence:axial and angled angled coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition 

  • inversion recovery sequences 
    • DIR
      • ​sequence:3D isotropic acquisition 
  • DWI/ADC/ADC
  • SWI or T2*
Temporal lobe epilepsy epilepsy protocol 

A good protocol for this purpose involves at involves at least:

  • T1
    • ​sequence:axial axial and coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition 

  • FLAIR

    • sequence:axial and angled angled coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition 

  • T2

    • T2​sequence: angled angled coronal

  • DWI/ADC/ADC
  • SWI orT2*
  • -<p><strong><a href="/articles/mri-protocols">MRI protocol</a> for epilepsy </strong>is a group of <a href="/articles/mri-sequences-basic">MRI sequences</a> put together to improve sensitivity and specificity in identifying possible structural abnormalities that underlie seizure disorders (e.g. <a href="/articles/mesial-temporal-sclerosis">mesial temporal sclerosis</a> and <a href="/articles/mild-malformation-of-cortical-development">malformation of cortical development</a>). MRI is the imaging procedure of choice for epilepsy investigation, especially the 3 Tesla MRI. </p><p>Although the specifics of a protocol are dependent on MRI hardware and software, radiologist's and referrer's preference, institutional protocols, patient factors (e.g. allergy) and time constraints, the idea of this article is expose general principles of protocol design.</p><h4>Sequences</h4><h5>Non-focal epilepsy protocol </h5><p>A good protocol for this purpose involves at least:</p><ul>
  • +<p><strong><a href="/articles/mri-protocols">MRI protocol</a> for epilepsy </strong>is a group of <a href="/articles/mri-sequences-overview">MRI sequences</a> put together to improve sensitivity and specificity in identifying possible structural abnormalities that underlie seizure disorders (e.g. <a href="/articles/mesial-temporal-sclerosis">mesial temporal sclerosis</a> and <a href="/articles/mild-malformation-of-cortical-development">malformation of cortical development</a>). MRI is the imaging procedure of choice for epilepsy investigation, especially the 3 Tesla MRI. </p><p><em>Note: This article is intended to outline some general principles of protocol design. The specifics will vary depending on MRI hardware and software, radiologist's and referrer's preference, institutional protocols, patient factors (e.g. allergy) and time constraints. </em></p><h4>Sequences</h4><h5>Nonfocal epilepsy protocol </h5><p>A good protocol for this purpose involves at least:</p><ul>
  • -<strong>T1: </strong>axial and coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition </li>
  • -<li><p><strong>FLAIR: </strong>axial and angled coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition </p></li>
  • +<a href="/articles/t1-weighted-image"><strong>T1</strong></a><ul><li>sequence:<strong> ​</strong>axial and coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition </li></ul>
  • +</li>
  • +<li>
  • +<p><strong><a href="/articles/fluid-attenuation-inversion-recovery">FLAIR</a> </strong></p>
  • +<ul><li><p><strong>​</strong>sequence:<strong> </strong>axial and angled coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition </p></li></ul>
  • +</li>
  • -<strong>DIR: </strong>3D isotropic acquisition </li></ul>
  • +<a href="/articles/double-inversion-recovery-sequence"><strong>DIR</strong></a><ul><li>​sequence:<strong> </strong>3D isotropic acquisition </li></ul>
  • +</li></ul>
  • +</li>
  • +<li><strong><a href="/articles/diffusion-weighted-imaging-1">DWI</a>/<a href="/articles/apparent-diffusion-coefficient-1">ADC</a></strong></li>
  • +<li>
  • +<strong><a href="/articles/susceptibility-weighted-imaging-1">SWI</a> </strong>or <strong>T2*</strong>
  • +</li>
  • +</ul><h5>Temporal lobe epilepsy protocol </h5><p>A good protocol for this purpose involves at least:</p><ul>
  • +<li>
  • +<a href="/articles/t1-weighted-image"><strong>T1</strong></a><ul><li>
  • +<strong>​</strong>sequence: axial and coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition </li></ul>
  • -<li><strong>DWI/ADC</strong></li>
  • -<strong>SWI </strong>or <strong>T2*</strong>
  • +<p><strong><a href="/articles/fluid-attenuation-inversion-recovery">FLAIR</a></strong></p>
  • +<ul><li><p>sequence: axial and angled coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition </p></li></ul>
  • -</ul><h5>Temporal lobe epilepsy protocol </h5><p>A good protocol for this purpose involves at least:</p><ul>
  • -<strong>T1: </strong>axial and coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition </li>
  • -<li><p><strong>FLAIR: </strong>axial and angled coronal; in modern scanners it can be replaced by a 3D isotropic acquisition </p></li>
  • -<li><p><strong>T2:</strong> angled coronal</p></li>
  • -<li><strong>DWI/ADC</strong></li>
  • +<p><a href="/articles/t2-weighted-image"><strong>T2</strong></a></p>
  • +<ul><li><p><strong>​</strong>sequence: angled coronal</p></li></ul>
  • +</li>
  • +<li><strong><a href="/articles/diffusion-weighted-imaging-1">DWI</a>/<a href="/articles/apparent-diffusion-coefficient-1">ADC</a></strong></li>
  • -<strong>SWI </strong>or <strong>T2*</strong>
  • +<strong><a href="/articles/susceptibility-weighted-imaging-1">SWI</a> </strong>or <strong>T2*</strong>

Tags changed:

  • mri protocol
  • cns protocol

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