Fetal biophysical profile
Updates to Article Attributes
fetalFetal biophysical profile score (BPS or BPP) refers to assessment of four discrete biophysical variables by ultrasound. It is often a standard tool in antepartum fetal assessment. It is usually assessed after 28 weeks of gestation.
Radiographic assessment
Antenatal ultrasound
The ultrasound variables include
- fetal breathing: considered abnormal if there is
- absent breathing
- no breathing episode for ≥ 20
sseconds within a 30 minute lapse
- fetal tone: considered abnormal if there is
- slow extension with return to partial flexion
- absent fetal movement
- fetal movement (gross body movement): considered abnormal if there is
-
< 2 episodes of body
/ limb/limb movements within a 30 minute lapse
-
< 2 episodes of body
- amniotic fluid volume: considered abnormal if the the largest pocket is < 2 x 2 cm
Each of these parameters is given a score of either 0 or 2 points where an abnormal score gets 0 while a normal score gets 2.
Therefore on ultrasound assessment, a total score is given out of 8. An overall abnormal score out of 8 is often taken as4 / 8/8 or less.
In addition to this, an additional non sonographic variable (non stress test) with two extra points can also be taken into account. In which case a score is given out of 10.
Potential confounding variables
Some reports show maternal fasting resulting in reduced fetal movements which can in turn affect the BPP score 5.
Additional work up
Umbilical arterial Doppler assessment is usually additionally carried out to evaluate fetuses with abnormal BPP scores.
EtymologyHistory and etymology
The score was Initially proposed by F A Manning et.al al in 1980 3.
-<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 10px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10px; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%">The <strong>fetal biophysical profile score</strong> <strong>(BPS </strong>or<strong> BPP)</strong> refers to assessment of four discrete biophysical variables by ultrasound. It is often a standard tool in antepartum fetal assessment. It is usually assessed after 28 weeks of gestation.</p><h4>Radiographic assessment</h4><h5>Antenatal ultrasound</h5><p style="MARGIN-TOP: 10px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10px; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%">The ultrasound variables include</p><ul style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px">-<li style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; PADDING-TOP: 0px; LIST-STYLE-TYPE: disc">fetal breathing : considered <strong>abnormal </strong>if there is-<ul style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px">- +<p><strong>Fetal biophysical profile score</strong> <strong>(BPS </strong>or<strong> BPP)</strong> refers to assessment of four discrete biophysical variables by ultrasound. It is often a standard tool in antepartum fetal assessment. It is usually assessed after 28 weeks of gestation.</p><h4>Radiographic assessment</h4><h5>Antenatal ultrasound</h5><p>The ultrasound variables include</p><ul>
- +<li>fetal breathing: considered abnormal if there is<ul>
-<li>no breathing episode for ≥ 20 s within a 30 minute lapse</li>- +<li>no breathing episode for ≥ 20 seconds within a 30 minute lapse</li>
-<li style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; PADDING-TOP: 0px; LIST-STYLE-TYPE: disc">fetal tone : considered <strong>abnormal</strong> if there is-<ul style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px">- +<li>fetal tone: considered abnormal if there is <ul>
-<li style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; PADDING-TOP: 0px; LIST-STYLE-TYPE: disc">fetal movement (gross body movement) : considered <strong>abnormal </strong>if there is-<ul style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px"><li>-<strong>< 2</strong> episodes of body / limb movements within a 30 minute lapse</li></ul>- +<li>fetal movement (gross body movement): considered abnormal if there is <ul><li>< 2 episodes of body/limb movements within a 30 minute lapse</li></ul>
-<li style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%; PADDING-TOP: 0px; LIST-STYLE-TYPE: disc">-<a href="/articles/amniotic-fluid-volume" title="amniotic fluid volume">amniotic fluid volume</a> : considered <strong>abnormal</strong> if the the largest pocket is <strong>< 2 x 2 cm</strong>-</li>-</ul><p style="MARGIN-TOP: 10px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10px; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%">Each of these parameters is given a score of either 0 or 2 points where an abnormal score gets 0 while a normal score gets 2.</p><p style="MARGIN-TOP: 10px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10px; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%">Therefore on ultrasound assessment, a total score is given out of 8. An overall abnormal score out of 8 is often taken as <strong>4 / 8 or less</strong>.</p><p style="MARGIN-TOP: 10px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10px; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%">In addition to this, an additional non sonographic variable (<a href="/articles/non-stress-test" title="non stress test">non stress test</a>) with two extra points can also be taken into account. In which case a score is given out of 10.</p><h5>Potential confounding variables</h5><p style="MARGIN-TOP: 10px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10px; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%">Some reports show maternal fasting resulting in reduced fetal movements which can in turn affect the BPP score <sup>5</sup>. </p><h5>Additional work up</h5><p style="MARGIN-TOP: 10px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10px; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%"><a href="/articles/umbilical-arterial-doppler-assessment" title="Umbilical arterial Doppler assessment">Umbilical arterial Doppler assessment </a>is usually additionally carried out to evaluate fetuses with abnormal BPP scores.</p><h4>Etymology</h4><p style="MARGIN-TOP: 10px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 10px; LINE-HEIGHT: 140%">The score was Initially proposed by <strong>F A Manning et.al</strong> in 1980 <sup>3</sup>.</p>- +<li>
- +<a href="/articles/amniotic-fluid-volume">amniotic fluid volume</a>: considered abnormal if the the largest pocket is < 2 x 2 cm</li>
- +</ul><p>Each of these parameters is given a score of either 0 or 2 points where an abnormal score gets 0 while a normal score gets 2.</p><p>Therefore on ultrasound assessment, a total score is given out of 8. An overall abnormal score out of 8 is often taken as<strong> </strong>4/8 or less.</p><p>In addition to this, an additional non sonographic variable (<a href="/articles/non-stress-test">non stress test</a>) with two extra points can also be taken into account. In which case a score is given out of 10.</p><h5>Potential confounding variables</h5><p>Some reports show maternal fasting resulting in reduced fetal movements which can in turn affect the BPP score <sup>5</sup>. </p><h5>Additional work up</h5><p><a href="/articles/umbilical-arterial-doppler-assessment">Umbilical arterial Doppler assessment </a>is usually additionally carried out to evaluate fetuses with abnormal BPP scores.</p><h4>History and etymology</h4><p>The score was Initially proposed by F A Manning et al in 1980 <sup>3</sup>.</p>