Frontal lobe
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was changed:
The frontal lobe is one of the four major divisions of the cerebrum. It is the largest of the four lobes 1.
Gross anatomy
The frontal lobe lies on the orbital plate of the frontal bone and is bound by its vertical and horizontal plates. It is the area of the cerebrum posterior to the frontal pole, anterior to the central (Rolandic) sulcus and superomedially to the lateral sulcus and temporal lobe 2.
Laterally, important areas include:
-
precentral gyrus
- lies anterior to the central sulcus and angles anterolaterally as it moves superoinferioly
- contains the
primaryprimary motor cortex - precentral sulcus, premotor cortex, and supplementary motor area lie anteriorly
-
superior frontal gyrus
- seperated from the middle frontal gyrus by the superior frontal sulcus
-
middle frontal gyrus
- seperated from the inferior frontal gyrus by the inferior frontal sulcus
-
inferior frontal gyrus
- pars opercularis in posterior aspect (contains Broca's area)
- pars triangularis
- V-shaped area anteriorly used a landmark to find the pars opercularis and hence Broca's area 1, 2
Medially, important areas include:
- anterior cingulate gyrus
- superior to corpus callosum
- orbital gyrus
- gyrus rectus (straight gyrus) 1, 2
Relations
- anterior - frontal bone
- posterior - central sulcus and parietal lobe
- inferolaterally - lateral sulcus and temporal lobes
- inferior - orbital plate frontal bone
Blood supply
- middle cerebral artery (MCA) - lateral frontal lobe
- anterior cerebral artery (ACA) - medial frontal lobe
Related pathology
-<p>The <strong>frontal lobe</strong> is one of the four major divisions of the <a href="/articles/cerebrum">cerebrum</a>. It is the largest of the four lobes <sup>1</sup>.</p><h4>Gross anatomy</h4><p>The frontal lobe lies on the orbital plate of the frontal bone and is bound by its vertical and horizontal plates. It is the area of the cerebrum posterior to the frontal pole, anterior to the central (Rolandic) sulcus and superomedially to the lateral sulcus and temporal lobe <sup>2</sup>.</p><p>Laterally, important areas include:</p><ul>-<li>precentral gyrus<ul>- +<p>The <strong>frontal lobe</strong> is one of the four major divisions of the <a href="/articles/cerebrum">cerebrum</a>. It is the largest of the four lobes <sup>1</sup>.</p><h4>Gross anatomy</h4><p>The frontal lobe lies on the orbital plate of the frontal bone and is bound by its vertical and horizontal plates. It is the area of the cerebrum posterior to the <a title="Frontal pole" href="/articles/frontal-pole">frontal pole</a>, anterior to the <a href="/articles/central-sulcus">central (Rolandic) sulcus</a> and superomedially to the <a href="/articles/sylvian-fissure">lateral sulcus</a> and <a href="/articles/temporal-lobe">temporal lobe</a> <sup>2</sup>.</p><p>Laterally, important areas include:</p><ul>
- +<li>
- +<a href="/articles/precentral-gyrus">precentral gyrus</a><ul>
-<li>contains the primary motor cortex</li>- +<li>contains the <a href="/articles/primary-motor-cortex">primary motor cortex</a>
- +</li>
-<li>superior frontal gyrus<ul><li>seperated from the middle frontal gyrus by the superior frontal sulcus</li></ul>- +<li>
- +<a href="/articles/frontal-gyri">superior frontal gyrus</a><ul><li>seperated from the middle frontal gyrus by the superior frontal sulcus</li></ul>
-<li>middle frontal gyrus<ul><li>seperated from the inferior frontal gyrus by the inferior frontal sulcus</li></ul>- +<li>
- +<a href="/articles/frontal-gyri">middle frontal gyrus</a><ul><li>seperated from the inferior frontal gyrus by the inferior frontal sulcus</li></ul>
-<li>inferior frontal gyrus<ul>-<li>pars opercularis in posterior aspect (contains <a href="/articles/brocas-area">Broca's area</a>)</li>-<li>pars triangularis<ul><li>V-shaped area anteriorly used a landmark to find the pars opercularis and hence <a title="Broca's area" href="/articles/brocas-area">Broca's area</a> <sup>1, 2</sup>- +<li>
- +<a href="/articles/frontal-gyri">inferior frontal gyrus</a><ul>
- +<li>pars opercularis in posterior aspect (contains <a href="/articles/broca-area-1">Broca's area</a>)</li>
- +<li>pars triangularis<ul><li>V-shaped area anteriorly used a landmark to find the pars opercularis and hence <a href="/articles/broca-area-1">Broca's area</a> <sup>1, 2</sup>
-<li>anterior <a title="Cingulate gyrus" href="/articles/cingulate-gyrus">cingulate gyrus</a><ul><li>superior to <a title="Corpus callosum" href="/articles/corpus-callosum">corpus callosum</a>- +<li>anterior <a href="/articles/cingulate-gyrus">cingulate gyrus</a><ul><li>superior to <a href="/articles/corpus-callosum">corpus callosum</a>
-<li><a title="Orbital gyrus" href="/articles/orbital-gyrus">orbital gyrus</a></li>- +<li><a href="/articles/orbital-gyrus">orbital gyrus</a></li>
-<a title="Gyrus rectus" href="/articles/gyrus-rectus">gyrus rectus</a> (straight gyrus) <sup>1, 2</sup>- +<a href="/articles/gyrus-rectus">gyrus rectus</a> (straight gyrus) <sup>1, 2</sup>
-</ul><h4><span style="font-size:1.2em; line-height:0.8em">Relations</span></h4><ul>- +</ul><h4>Relations</h4><ul>
-<li>posterior - central sulcus and parietal lobe</li>- +<li>posterior - central sulcus and <a href="/articles/parietal-lobe">parietal lobe</a>
- +</li>
References changed:
- 3. Henry Gray. Gray's Anatomy. (2013) ISBN: 9781782124269 - <a href="http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN9781782124269">Google Books</a>
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