Heterotopic ossification

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Heterotopic ossification (HO) refers to the presence of bone in soft tissue where bone normally does not exist. The acquired form of HO most frequently is seen with either musculoskeletal trauma, spinal cord injury, or central nervous system injury.

The severity of heterotopic bone formation has been classified according several systems. One traditionally used method is the Brooker classification system which divides severity into 4 types ⁷.

A simpler modified classification for HO (Della Valle) has 3 grades⁷

Grade A: Absence of HO (may be ≥1 island of bone of <1 cm in length.
Grade B: Presence of ≥1 islands of bone of at least 1 cm in length and bone spurs from the pelvis or femur. 1 cm distance between opposing surfaces of bone.
Grade C: Bone spurs arising from the pelvis or femur with <1 cm between opposing surfaces or apparent bone ankylosis.

The important distinction in reporting the presence of HO is therefore the presence of a space of more or less than 1 cm between opposing surfaces of bone,

-Heterotopic ossification (HO) refers to the presence of bone in soft tissue where bone normally does not exist. The acquired form of HO most frequently is seen with either musculoskeletal trauma, spinal cord injury, or central nervous system injury.The severity of heterotopic bone formation has been classified according several systems. One traditionally used method is the Brooker classification system which divides severity into 4 types 7.<h4>See also</h4><ul>
+Heterotopic ossification (HO) refers to the presence of bone in soft tissue where bone normally does not exist. The acquired form of HO most frequently is seen with either musculoskeletal trauma, spinal cord injury, or central nervous system injury.The severity of heterotopic bone formation has been classified according several systems. One traditionally used method is the Brooker classification system which divides severity into 4 types 7.A simpler modified classification for HO (Della Valle) has 3 grades7<ul>
+<li>
+Grade A: Absence of HO (may be ≥1 island of bone of <1 cm in length.</li>
+<li>Grade B: Presence of ≥1 islands of bone of at least 1 cm in length and bone spurs from the pelvis or femur. 1 cm distance between opposing surfaces of bone.</li>
+<li>Grade C: Bone spurs arising from the pelvis or femur with <1 cm between opposing surfaces or apparent bone ankylosis.</li>
+</ul>The important distinction in reporting the presence of HO is therefore the presence of a space of more or less than 1 cm between opposing surfaces of bone,<h4>See also</h4><ul>
~~-<li><a title="Periarticular soft tissue calcification" href="/articles/periarticular-soft-tissue-calcification">periarticular soft tissue calcification</a></li>~~
+<li><a href="/articles/periarticular-soft-tissue-calcification">periarticular soft tissue calcification</a></li>

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Heterotopic ossification

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