Intra-abdominal calcification

Changed by Yuranga Weerakkody, 3 Dec 2015

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Intra-abdominal calcification is common and the causes may be classified into four broad groups based on morphology:

Concretions

These are discrete precipitates in a vessel or organ. They are sharp in outline but the density and shape vary but in some cases they may be virtually pathognomonic:

stones
pancreatic ductal calcification
nodal calcification: most commonly from treated lymphoma, tuberculosis or histoplasmosis ^1,
phlebolith
appendicolith
calcified granuloma
failed renal transplant
encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis

Conduit calcification

Calcification within the walls of any fluid-filled hollow tube:

Cystic calcification

Calcification in the wall of a mass such as a cyst, pseudocyst or aneurysm. Hallmark is a smooth curvilinear rim of calcification.

simple serous cysts
aneurysms
echinococcal cysts
haematoma
'porcelain' gallbladder
calcified appendiceal mucocoele

Solid mass calcification

Diverse features which generally show extensive but variable calcification.

mesenteric nodes
adrenal calcifications
uterine fibroids
primary tumours, e.g. ovarian dermoid
metastases
adenoma
spleen (autosplenectomy in sickle cell disease)
~~Renal~~renal tuberculosis with autonephrectomy

Image 14 X-ray (Frontal (zoomed in)) ( update )

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Case 14: ~~Adrenal~~adrenal calcification

Image 15 CT (MPR) ( update )

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Case 15: ~~Schistosomiasis causing bladder~~schistosomiasis (bladder and appendix ~~calcification~~)

Image 16 CT (non-contrast) ( update )

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Case 16: ~~Renal~~renal tuberculosis with autonephrectomy

Image 17 CT (C+ portal venous phase) ( update )

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Case 17: ~~Retroperitoneal~~retroperitoneal hydatid cyst (type III)

Image 18 X-ray (Frontal) ( update )

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Case 18: ~~Staghorn~~staghorn calculus

Image 19 CT (C+ portal venous phase) ( update )

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Case 19: ~~Encapsulating~~encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis

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