Leukemia (CNS manifestations)
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Leukaemia CNS manifestations can be divided ininto those related to the disease itself and those associated towith its treatment. Leukaemias are haematologic malignancies in in which occur a proliferation of hematopoietichaematopoietic cells at an undifferentiated or partially differentiated stage of maturation 1.
CNS manifestations directly attributed to leukaemia
- leukaemic meningitis
- intradural spinal involvement
- granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma)
- haematologic and cerebrovascular complications
-
cerebral haemorrhage
- most common in acute
leukemialeukaemia 2 - disseminated intravascular coagulation: multiple small haemorrhages in subcortical white matter 1
- also due alterations in coagulation factors,
thrombocytopeniathrombocytopaenia, and leukocytosis 2
- most common in acute
- dural venous sinus thrombosis
-
cerebral haemorrhage
-
CNS infections due immunosuppression (e.g. CNS aspergillosis
andand neurocandidiasis) - bone marrow infiltration: fat is replaced by leukaemic elements 3
- ocular manifestations
- retinal haemorrhage
Leukaemia treatment treatment-related CNS CNS complications
- chemotherapy
- drug-induced PRES 1
- methotrexate neurotoxicity
- aseptic meningitis
- transverse myelopathy
- stroke-like syndrome
- demyelination and leukoencephalopathy
-
CNS infections due immunosuppression (e.g. CNS aspergillosis
andand neurocandidiasis)
- radiation therapy
- radiation-induced neoplasms (e.g. meningioma, glioma and sarcoma)
- bone marrow transplantation
-<p><strong>Leukaemia CNS manifestations</strong> can be divided in those related to the disease itself and those associated to its treatment. Leukaemias are haematologic malignancies in which occur a proliferation of hematopoietic cells at an undifferentiated or partially differentiated stage of maturation <sup>1</sup>.</p><h6>CNS manifestations directly attributed to leukaemia</h6><ul>-<li><a title="leukaemic meningitis" href="/articles/leukaemic-meningitis">leukaemic meningitis</a></li>-<li><a href="/articles/intradural-spinal-involvement-in-leukaemia">intradural spinal involvement </a></li>- +<p><strong>Leukaemia CNS manifestations</strong> can be divided into those related to the disease itself and those associated with its treatment. Leukaemias are haematologic malignancies in which occur a proliferation of haematopoietic cells at an undifferentiated or partially differentiated stage of maturation <sup>1</sup>.</p><h6>CNS manifestations directly attributed to leukaemia</h6><ul>
- +<li><a href="/articles/leukaemic-meningitis">leukaemic meningitis</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/intradural-spinal-involvement-in-leukaemia">intradural spinal involvement</a></li>
-<a title="Granulocytic sarcoma" href="/articles/granulocytic-sarcoma">granulocytic sarcoma</a> (chloroma)</li>- +<a href="/articles/granulocytic-sarcoma">granulocytic sarcoma</a> (chloroma)</li>
-<li>most common in acute leukemia <sup>2</sup>- +<li>most common in acute leukaemia <sup>2</sup>
-<li>also due alterations in coagulation factors, thrombocytopenia, and leukocytosis <sup>2</sup>- +<li>also due alterations in coagulation factors, thrombocytopaenia, and leukocytosis <sup>2</sup>
-<a href="/articles/cns-infectious-diseases">CNS infections</a> due immunosuppression (e.g. CNS aspergillosis and neurocandidiasis)</li>- +<a href="/articles/cns-infectious-diseases">CNS infections</a> due immunosuppression (e.g. CNS aspergillosis and neurocandidiasis)</li>
-</ul><h6>Leukaemia treatment-related CNS complications</h6><ul>- +</ul><h6>Leukaemia treatment-related CNS complications</h6><ul>
-<a href="/articles/cns-infectious-diseases">CNS infections</a> due immunosuppression (e.g. CNS aspergillosis and neurocandidiasis)</li>- +<a href="/articles/cns-infectious-diseases">CNS infections</a> due immunosuppression (e.g. CNS aspergillosis and neurocandidiasis)</li>
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