Medial patellofemoral ligament
Updates to Article Attributes
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was changed:
The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) belongs to the anterior medial supporting structures of the knee 1-3 and it is the main structure, preventing the patella from lateral displacement at 50-60% restraining force 1,6,7-9. It is one of the medial patellar stabilizers together with the medial retinaculum and the vastus medialis oblique (VMO)5.
Gross anatomy
It is located superior and anterior to the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and is part of the medial patellar retinaculum and the intermediate medial capsular layer 1-4and it forms the medial patellofemoral complex together with the medial quadriceps tendon femoral ligament 5.
Attachments
- femoral insertion between the medial femoral epicondyle, the adductor tubercle and the gastrocnemius tubercle, just superior to the femoral origin of the superficial portion of the medial collateral ligament 1,2,4
- distal insertion is at the superomedial aspect of the patella 1,2
Related pathology
- medial patellofemoral ligament
(mPFL(MPFL) usually injured/ruptured in up to 87-100% 1,6,7 - rupture/tear occurs usually at its femoral origin 1
-<p>The <strong>medial patellofemoral ligament</strong> belongs to the anterior medial supporting structures of the knee <sup>1-3</sup> and it is the main structure, preventing the patella from lateral displacement at 50-60% restraining force <sup>1,6,7</sup>.</p><h4>Gross anatomy</h4><p>It is located superior and anterior to the <a href="/articles/medial-collateral-ligament-of-the-knee">medial collateral ligament (MCL)</a> and is part of the <a href="/articles/medial-patellar-retinaculum">medial patellar retinaculum</a> and the intermediate medial capsular layer <sup>1-4</sup>.</p><h5>Attachments</h5><ul>- +<p>The <strong>medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL)</strong> belongs to the anterior medial supporting structures of the knee <sup>1-3</sup> and it is the main structure, preventing the patella from lateral displacement at 50-60% restraining force <sup>1,7-9</sup>. It is one of the medial patellar stabilizers together with the medial retinaculum and the <a href="/articles/vastus-medialis-muscle">vastus medialis oblique (VMO)</a> <sup>5</sup>.</p><p><strong>Gross anatomy</strong></p><p>It is located superior and anterior to the <a href="/articles/medial-collateral-ligament-of-the-knee">medial collateral ligament (MCL)</a> and is part of the <a href="/articles/medial-patellar-retinaculum">medial patellar retinaculum</a> and the intermediate medial capsular layer <sup>1-4 </sup>and it forms the medial patellofemoral complex together with the medial quadriceps tendon femoral ligament <sup>5</sup>.</p><h5>Attachments</h5><ul>
-<li>medial patellofemoral ligament (mPFL) usually injured/ruptured in up to 87-100% <sup>1,6</sup>- +<li>medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) usually injured/ruptured in up to 87-100% <sup>1,7</sup>
References changed:
- 6. Ballehr LO. Transient Lateral Patellar Dislocation – <a href="https://radsource.us/transient-lateral-patellar-dislocation/ "> Radsource MRI Web Clinic April 2013 </a>
- 7. Desio S, Burks R, Bachus K. Soft Tissue Restraints to Lateral Patellar Translation in the Human Knee. Am J Sports Med. 1998;26(1):59-65. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465980260012701">doi:10.1177/03635465980260012701</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9474403">Pubmed</a>
- 7. Desio S, Burks R, Bachus K. Soft Tissue Restraints to Lateral Patellar Translation in the Human Knee. Am J Sports Med. 1998;26(1):59-65. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465980260012701">doi:10.1177/03635465980260012701</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9474403">Pubmed</a>
- 8. Sillanpää P & Mäenpää H. First-Time Patellar Dislocation: Surgery or Conservative Treatment? Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 2012;20(3):128-35. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1097/JSA.0b013e318256bbe5">doi:10.1097/JSA.0b013e318256bbe5</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22878653">Pubmed</a>
- 10. Baldwin J. The Anatomy of the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament. Am J Sports Med. 2009;37(12):2355-61. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546509339909">doi:10.1177/0363546509339909</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19729366">Pubmed</a>
- 10. Baldwin J. The Anatomy of the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament. Am J Sports Med. 2009;37(12):2355-61. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546509339909">doi:10.1177/0363546509339909</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19729366">Pubmed</a>
- 9. Panni A, Vasso M, Cerciello S. Acute Patellar Dislocation. What to Do? Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2012;21(2):275-8. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-012-2347-1">doi:10.1007/s00167-012-2347-1</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23242381">Pubmed</a>
- 9. Panni A, Vasso M, Cerciello S. Acute Patellar Dislocation. What to Do? Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2012;21(2):275-8. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-012-2347-1">doi:10.1007/s00167-012-2347-1</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23242381">Pubmed</a>
- 5. Loeb A & Tanaka M. The Medial Patellofemoral Complex. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2018;11(2):201-8. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12178-018-9475-2">doi:10.1007/s12178-018-9475-2</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29728862">Pubmed</a>
- 5. Lisa O. Ballehr, M.D. Transient Lateral Patellar Dislocation – <a href="https://radsource.us/transient-lateral-patellar-dislocation/ "> Radsource MRI Web Clinic April 2013 </a> </span>
- 6. Stephen M. Desio, Robert T. Burks, Kent N. Bachus. Soft Tissue Restraints to Lateral Patellar Translation in the Human Knee:. (2016) The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 26 (1): 59-65. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465980260012701">doi:10.1177/03635465980260012701</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9474403">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
- 7. Stephen M. Desio, Robert T. Burks, Kent N. Bachus. Soft Tissue Restraints to Lateral Patellar Translation in the Human Knee:. (2016) The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 26 (1): 59-65. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465980260012701">doi:10.1177/03635465980260012701</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9474403">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
- 7. Sillanpää PJ, Mäenpää HM. First-time patellar dislocation: surgery or conservative treatment?. (2012) Sports medicine and arthroscopy review. 20 (3): 128-35. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1097/JSA.0b013e318256bbe5">doi:10.1097/JSA.0b013e318256bbe5</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22878653">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
- 8. The Anatomy of the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament:. (2009) The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 37 (12): 2355-61. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546509339909">doi:10.1177/0363546509339909</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19729366">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
- 9. The Anatomy of the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament:. (2009) The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 37 (12): 2355-61. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546509339909">doi:10.1177/0363546509339909</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19729366">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
- 9. Alfredo Schiavone Panni, Michele Vasso, Simone Cerciello. Acute patellar dislocation. What to do?. (2013) Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 21 (2): 275. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-012-2347-1">doi:10.1007/s00167-012-2347-1</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23242381">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
- 10. Alfredo Schiavone Panni, Michele Vasso, Simone Cerciello. Acute patellar dislocation. What to do?. (2013) Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 21 (2): 275. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-012-2347-1">doi:10.1007/s00167-012-2347-1</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23242381">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
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