Peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumor
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Peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumour refer to a subtype of pulmonary carcinoid tumours that arise within the periphery of the lung. They are considered less common than the more centrally located bronchial carcinoid tumours.
Clinical presentation
Many patients tend to be asymptomatic 2. Presentation with carcinoid syndrome is extremely rare 6.
Pathology
Peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumours are considered a neuroendocrine tumour of the lung. They can be typical (well differentiated - common) or atypical (more aggressive - uncommon).
Risk factors
- smoking: rate of carcinoid tumours is similar between smokers and nonsmokers, although there is increased incidence of atypical subtype amongst smokers 5,6
Radiographic features
HRCT/CT chest
Most are discovered as an incidental rounded solitary pulmonary nodule. The size at diagnosis can vary but usually reported to be range around 10-30mm 2. Many have lobulated margin with an average Hounsfield value on post contrast imaging at around 50 2. Imaging features are often non specific and tissue diagnosis is essential in determining diagnosis.
Most peripheral carcinoid tumours tend to involve a subsegmental bronchus 2.
Nuclear medicine
FDG-PET
May have a sensitivity of around 75% 7.
Galliun68-Octeotide-PET / 68Ga-DOTATATE
Usually avid and useful for diagnosis 8.
See also
-<p><strong>Peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumour</strong> refer to a subtype of <a href="/articles/pulmonary-carcinoid-tumours">pulmonary carcinoid tumours</a> that arise within the periphery of the lung. They are considered less common than the more centrally located <a href="/articles/bronchial-carcinoid-tumour">bronchial carcinoid tumours</a>. </p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Many patients tend to be asymptomatic <sup> 2</sup>. Presentation with <a href="/articles/carcinoid-syndrome">carcinoid syndrome</a> is extremely rare <sup>6</sup>. </p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumours are considered a <a href="/articles/neuroendocrine-tumour-of-the-lung">neuroendocrine tumour of the lung</a>. They can be typical (well differentiated) or atypical (more aggressive). </p><h5>Risk factors</h5><ul><li>smoking: rate of carcinoid tumours is similar between smokers and nonsmokers, although there is increased incidence of atypical subtype amongst smokers <sup>5,6</sup>-</li></ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>HRCT/CT chest</h5><p>Most are discovered as an incidental rounded <a href="/articles/solitary-pulmonary-nodules">solitary pulmonary nodule</a>. The size at diagnosis can vary but usually reported to be range around 10-30mm <sup>2</sup>. Many have lobulated margin with an average Hounsfield value on post contrast imaging at around 50 <sup>2</sup>. Imaging features are often non specific and tissue diagnosis is essential in determining diagnosis.</p><h4>See also</h4><ul>- +<p><strong>Peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumour</strong> refer to a subtype of <a href="/articles/pulmonary-carcinoid-tumours">pulmonary carcinoid tumours</a> that arise within the periphery of the lung. They are considered less common than the more centrally located <a href="/articles/bronchial-carcinoid-tumour">bronchial carcinoid tumours</a>. </p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Many patients tend to be asymptomatic <sup> 2</sup>. Presentation with <a href="/articles/carcinoid-syndrome">carcinoid syndrome</a> is extremely rare <sup>6</sup>. </p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumours are considered a <a href="/articles/neuroendocrine-tumour-of-the-lung">neuroendocrine tumour of the lung</a>. They can be typical (well differentiated - common) or atypical (more aggressive - uncommon). </p><h5>Risk factors</h5><ul><li>smoking: rate of carcinoid tumours is similar between smokers and nonsmokers, although there is increased incidence of atypical subtype amongst smokers <sup>5,6</sup>
- +</li></ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>HRCT/CT chest</h5><p>Most are discovered as an incidental rounded <a href="/articles/solitary-pulmonary-nodules">solitary pulmonary nodule</a>. The size at diagnosis can vary but usually reported to be range around 10-30mm <sup>2</sup>. Many have lobulated margin with an average Hounsfield value on post contrast imaging at around 50 <sup>2</sup>. Imaging features are often non specific and tissue diagnosis is essential in determining diagnosis.</p><p>Most peripheral carcinoid tumours tend to involve a subsegmental bronchus <sup>2</sup>. </p><h5>Nuclear medicine</h5><h6>FDG-PET</h6><p>May have a sensitivity of around 75%<sup> 7</sup>.</p><h6>Galliun68-Octeotide-PET / <sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTATATE </h6><p>Usually avid and useful for diagnosis <sup>8</sup>.</p><h4>See also</h4><ul>
References changed:
- 7. Tanaka A, Akamatsu H, Kawabata H, Ariyasu H, Nakamura Y, Yamamoto N. Peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumor diagnosed by endobronchial-ultrasound-guided bronchoscopy. Respirology case reports. 4 (1): 10-2. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/rcr2.139">doi:10.1002/rcr2.139</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26839693">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
- 8. Chong S, Lee KS, Chung MJ, Han J, Kwon OJ, Kim TS. Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung: clinical, pathologic, and imaging findings. Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc. 26 (1): 41-57; discussion 57-8. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.261055057">doi:10.1148/rg.261055057</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16418242">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
- 9. Bhatia K, Ellis S. Unusual lung tumours: an illustrated review of CT features suggestive of this diagnosis. Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society. 6: 72-82. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1102/1470-7330.2006.0013">doi:10.1102/1470-7330.2006.0013</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16829468">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
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