Persistent sciatic artery
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Persistent sciatic arteries
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A persistent sciatic artery is a rare vascular anomaly where there is the continuation of the internal iliac artery into the thigh through the greater sciatic notch. It may be the dominant artery supplying the leg, in which case the superficial femoral artery may be small.
Epidemiology
Its incidence is in 0.05% of the population and may be bilateral in up to 20% of cases 5.
Clinical presentation
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Cowie's sign: described as a diminished or absent femoral pulse in combination with a palpable popliteal pulse
- considered to be pathognomonic for a persistent sciatic artery 4
Related pathology
A superficial course through the buttock renders the persistent sciatic artery susceptible to repetitive trauma from sitting and hip flexion-extension. This, coupled with congenital arterial wall hypoplasia, can result in early atherosclerosis and aneurysm formation. An aneurysm, in turn, can compress the adjacent sciatic nerve. As with any aneurysm, it can also rupture 5.
-</li></ul><h4>Related pathology</h4><p>A superficial course through the buttock renders the persistent sciatic artery susceptible to repetitive trauma from sitting and hip flexion-extension. This, coupled with congenital arterial wall hypoplasia, can result in early <a title="Atherosclerosis - general" href="/articles/arteriosclerosis">atherosclerosis</a> and <a href="/articles/aneurysm">aneurysm</a> formation. An aneurysm, in turn, can compress the adjacent <a title="Sciatic nerve" href="/articles/sciatic-nerve-1">sciatic nerve</a>. As with any aneurysm, it can also rupture <sup>5</sup>.</p>- +</li></ul><h4>Related pathology</h4><p>A superficial course through the buttock renders the persistent sciatic artery susceptible to repetitive trauma from sitting and hip flexion-extension. This, coupled with congenital arterial wall hypoplasia, can result in early <a href="/articles/arteriosclerosis">atherosclerosis</a> and <a href="/articles/aneurysm">aneurysm</a> formation. An aneurysm, in turn, can compress the adjacent <a href="/articles/sciatic-nerve-1">sciatic nerve</a>. As with any aneurysm, it can also rupture <sup>5</sup>.</p>
Images Changes:
Image 2 CT (C+ arterial phase thick slices) ( create )
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