Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A
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Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) is a protein found in the maternal circulation and is produced by the placenta. The PAPP-A gene has been assigned to human chromosome 9q33.1 and contains 22 exons 5. PAPP-A values tend to rise exponentially during pregnancy and the reference range depends on the stage of gestation. The common practice is to use the unit multiple of median (MoM) as a gestational age-dependent expression of PAPP-A concentration.
Low maternal serum PAPP-A levels in the first trimester have been associated with a wide range of fetal pathology and pregnancy related-related complications 1-4:
-<p><strong>Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A</strong> (<strong>PAPP-A</strong>) is a protein found in the maternal circulation and is produced by the <a href="/articles/placenta">placenta</a>. The PAPP-A gene has been assigned to human chromosome 9q33.1 and contains 22 exons <sup>5</sup>. PAPP-A values tend to rise exponentially during pregnancy and the reference range depends on the stage of gestation. The common practice is to use the unit multiple of median (MoM) as a gestational age-dependent expression of PAPP-A concentration.</p><p>Low maternal serum PAPP-A levels in the <a href="/articles/first-trimester">first trimester</a> have been associated with a wide range of fetal pathology and pregnancy related complications <sup>1-4</sup>:</p><ul>- +<p><strong>Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A</strong> (<strong>PAPP-A</strong>) is a protein found in the maternal circulation and is produced by the <a href="/articles/placenta">placenta</a>. The PAPP-A gene has been assigned to human chromosome 9q33.1 and contains 22 exons <sup>5</sup>. PAPP-A values tend to rise exponentially during pregnancy and the reference range depends on the stage of gestation. The common practice is to use the unit multiple of median (MoM) as a gestational age-dependent expression of PAPP-A concentration.</p><p>Low maternal serum PAPP-A levels in the <a href="/articles/first-trimester">first trimester</a> have been associated with a wide range of fetal pathology and pregnancy-related complications <sup>1-4</sup>:</p><ul>
-<li><a href="/articles/intra-uterine-growth-restriction-2">intrauterine growth restriction</a></li>- +<li><a href="/articles/intrauterine-growth-restriction">intrauterine growth restriction</a></li>
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