Proliferating trichilemmal cyst
Updates to Article Attributes
Proliferating trichilemmal cysts or, sometimes known as proliferating trichilemmal tumoursare, are dermal or subcutaneous tumours with squamoid cytologic features and trichilemmal-type keratinisation, which usually arisingarise in the scalp.
Terminology
A variety of names have been used for this pathology, including proliferating epidermoid cyst, pilar tumour of the scalp, proliferating epidermoid cyst, giant hair matrix tumour, hydatidiform keratinous cyst,trichochlamydocarcinoma
Epidemiology
Proliferating trichilemmal cysts have female predominance 3,4.
Associations
Some cases have a syndromic association:
Clinical presentation
Proliferating trichilemmal cysts present as lobulated masses within the scalp. They vary considerably in size from a few millimetres to large masses many centimetres in diameter. Occasionally clinical presentation will be with superimposed infection or malignant transformation, although both of these complications are uncommon 3.
Pathology
Although they are mostly benign, they havethere are also local invasive and malignant types 2. TheyThe latter show extensive epithelial proliferation, variable cytologic atypia and mitotic activity.
Associations
Possible syndromic associations in some cases incude
Radiographic features
CT
Proliferating trichilemmal cysts usually are located within the scalp and appear as multiple complex subcutaneous solid or cystic masses. The cystic components contain high-density proteinaceous material which sometimes layers dependently 3. Ring-like patterns of mineralisation are also encountered 3.
History and etymology
Proliferating trichilemmal cysts were first defineddescribed by Edward Wilson Jones, an English dermatopathologist, in 1966 2.
Differential diagnosis
In some situations, consider an epidermal inclusion cyst
See also
-<p><strong>Proliferating trichilemmal cysts</strong> or sometimes known as <strong>proliferating trichilemmal tumours </strong>are dermal or subcutaneous tumours with squamoid cytologic features and trichilemmal-type keratinisation usually arising in the scalp.</p><h4>Terminology</h4><p>A variety of names have been used for this pathology, including <strong>proliferating epidermoid cyst</strong>, <strong>pilar tumour of the scalp</strong>, <strong>proliferating epidermoid cyst</strong>, <strong>giant hair matrix tumour</strong>, <strong>hydatidiform keratinous cyst</strong>, <strong>trichochlamydocarcinoma</strong>, and <strong>invasive hair matrix tumour</strong> <sup>1</sup>.</p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>Proliferating trichilemmal cysts have female predominance <sup>3,4</sup>.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Proliferating trichilemmal cysts present as lobulated masses within the scalp. They vary considerably in size from a few millimetres to large masses many centimetres in diameter. Occasionally clinical presentation will be with superimposed infection or malignant transformation, although both of these complications are uncommon <sup>3</sup>. </p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Although they are mostly benign, they have local invasive and malignant types <sup>2</sup>. They show extensive epithelial proliferation, variable cytologic atypia and mitotic activity.</p><h5>Associations</h5><p>Possible syndromic associations in some cases incude</p><ul><li><a href="/articles/cowden-syndrome">Cowden syndrome</a></li></ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>CT</h5><p>Proliferating trichilemmal cysts usually are located within the scalp and appear as multiple complex subcutaneous solid or cystic masses. The cystic components contain high-density proteinaceous material which sometimes layers dependently <sup>3</sup>. Ring-like patterns of mineralisation are also encountered <sup>3</sup>. </p><h4>History and etymology</h4><p>Proliferating trichilemmal cysts were first defined by <strong>Edward Wilson Jones</strong>, an English dermatopathologist, in 1966 <sup>2</sup>. </p><h4>Differential diagnosis</h4><p>In some situations, consider an <a href="/articles/epidermal-inclusion-cyst">epidermal inclusion cyst</a></p><h4>See also</h4><ul><li><a href="/articles/trichilemmomas">trichilemmomas</a></li></ul><p> </p>- +<p><strong>Proliferating trichilemmal cysts</strong>, sometimes known as <strong>proliferating trichilemmal tumours</strong>, are dermal or subcutaneous tumours with squamoid cytologic features and trichilemmal-type keratinisation, which usually arise in the scalp.</p><h4>Terminology</h4><p>A variety of names have been used for this pathology, including proliferating epidermoid cyst, pilar tumour of the scalp, proliferating epidermoid cyst, giant hair matrix tumour, hydatidiform keratinous cyst, trichochlamydocarcinoma, and invasive hair matrix tumour <sup>1</sup>.</p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>Proliferating trichilemmal cysts have female predominance <sup>3,4</sup>.</p><h5>Associations</h5><p>Some cases have a syndromic association:</p><ul><li><a href="/articles/cowden-syndrome">Cowden syndrome</a></li></ul><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Proliferating trichilemmal cysts present as lobulated masses within the scalp. They vary considerably in size from a few millimetres to large masses many centimetres in diameter. Occasionally clinical presentation will be with superimposed infection or malignant transformation, although both of these complications are uncommon <sup>3</sup>. </p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Although they are mostly benign, there are also local invasive and malignant types <sup>2</sup>. The latter show extensive epithelial proliferation, variable cytologic atypia and mitotic activity.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>CT</h5><p>Proliferating trichilemmal cysts usually are located within the scalp and appear as multiple complex subcutaneous solid or cystic masses. The cystic components contain high-density proteinaceous material which sometimes layers dependently <sup>3</sup>. Ring-like patterns of mineralisation are also encountered <sup>3</sup>. </p><h4>History and etymology</h4><p>Proliferating trichilemmal cysts were first described by <strong>Edward Wilson Jones</strong>, an English dermatopathologist, in 1966 <sup>2</sup>. </p><h4>Differential diagnosis</h4><p>In some situations, consider an <a href="/articles/epidermal-inclusion-cyst">epidermal inclusion cyst</a></p><h4>See also</h4><ul><li><a href="/articles/trichilemmomas">trichilemmomas</a></li></ul><p> </p>
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