Pulmonary arterial ectasia refers to more diffuse dilatation of the pulmonary arteries without a focal pulmonary arterial aneurysm. At the time of writing, the upper limit of normal (90th percentile) for the main pulmonary arteries is taken at just under 29 mm for males and just under 27 mm for females.
Pathology
Etiology
It can arise from a large number of factors with pulmonary arterial hypertension considered the most common.
Other conditions include:
- rheumatologic/vasculitic conditions
- connective tissue disease
- infectious
- tuberculosis: tuberculosis vasculopathy
- syphilis: syphilis vasculopathy
- trauma
- blunt
- penetrating
- idiopathic
Some suggest that the presence of an ectatic pulmonary arterial diameter in the context of normal pulmonary arteries pressures is a benign finding 2.
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