Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
16,903 results found
Article
SFU grading system of hydronephrosis
The grading system of hydronephrosis developed by the Society of Fetal Urology (SFU) was devised to assess the degree of hydronephrosis.
Usage
This system is considered the most commonly used and was originally designed to grade neonatal and infant pelvicalyectasis ref.
Classification
grad...
Article
Hydrometra
Hydrometra is a descriptive term that refers to a distended uterus filled with clear, non-infected fluid.
See also
hematometra
pyometra
hydrometrocolpos
hydrocolpos
endometrial fluid
Article
Hunt and Hess grading system (subarachnoid hemorrhage)
The Hunt and Hess scale describes the clinical severity of subarachnoid hemorrhage resulting from the rupture of an intracerebral aneurysm and is used as a predictor of survival.
grade 1
asymptomatic or minimal headache and slight neck stiffness
70% survival
grade 2
moderate to severe heada...
Article
Hunka classification of pediatric septic arthritis of the hip
The Hunka classification of pediatric septic arthritis of the hip grades the residual anatomical deformity of the proximal femur following a septic hip in the pediatric population based on changes to the femoral head and stability of the hip.
Classification
type I: absent or minimal femoral he...
Article
Contrast-enhanced CT during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Contrast-enhanced CT of patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) presents unique technical and diagnostic challenges. Modifications made will depend on whether the ECMO is venovenous or venoarterial.
Technical considerations
Several factors need to be considered to ensur...
Article
Temporal lobe
The temporal lobe is one of the four lobes of the brain (along with the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, and occipital lobe), and largely occupies the middle cranial fossa.
Gross anatomy
The temporal lobe is the second largest lobe, after the larger frontal lobe, accounting 22% of the total neocor...
Article
Agatston score
Agatston score is a semi-automated tool to calculate a score based on the extent of coronary artery calcification detected by an unenhanced low-dose CT scan, which is routinely performed in patients undergoing cardiac CT. Due to an extensive body of research, the score allows for early risk stra...
Article
Hinchey classification of acute diverticulitis
The Hinchey classification of acute diverticulitis can be applied to diverticulitis occurring anywhere in the bowel, not just in the colon ref.
Usage
The Hinchey classification is the most commonly used system (c.2020) 8 and has been variously modified since its original description 3,5,6; no...
Article
Estimated glomerular filtration rate
The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is widely used as a surrogate marker of renal function and is mathematically derived from the patient's serum creatinine, using their age, sex and ethnicity. There is some controversy over whether ethnicity should be included in the calculations.
...
Article
Hepatorenal syndrome
Hepatorenal syndrome refers to a form of acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by changes in renal blood flow regulation due to liver pathology 1. Although the syndrome occurs mainly in cirrhotic livers it has been reported in patients with acute fulminant liver failure as well 1.
Epidemiology
The ...
Article
Medical abbreviations and acronyms (B)
This article contains a list of commonly used medical abbreviations and acronyms that start with the letter B and may be encountered in medicine and radiology (please keep both the main list and any sublists in alphabetic order).
A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q...
Article
Aortic dissection
Aortic dissection is the prototype and most common form of acute aortic syndromes and a type of arterial dissection. It occurs when blood enters the medial layer of the aortic wall through a tear or penetrating ulcer in the intima and tracks longitudinally along with the media, forming a second ...
Article
Hereditary connective tissue disease
Hereditary connective tissue diseases are a group of connective tissue diseases with a degree of inheritance risk:
Marfan syndrome: genetic disease causing abnormal fibrillin
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: progressive deterioration of collagen and affects joints, heart valves, organ walls, arterial w...
Article
Herder risk model
British Thoracic Society (BTS) guidelines for pulmonary nodules (c.2015) 1 recommend applying the Herder risk model in predicting malignancy in pulmonary nodules.
The Herder model 2 predicts the risk of malignancy in solid pulmonary nodules using patient characteristics, nodules characteristics...
Article
Desmoplastic fibroma
Desmoplastic fibromas are extremely rare bone tumors that do not metastasize but may be locally aggressive. They are considered to be a bony counterpart of soft tissue desmoid tumors and are histologically identical.
Epidemiology
Desmoplastic fibroma of bone is rare and mostly found in young ...
Article
Medical abbreviations and acronyms (E)
This article contains a list of commonly used medical abbreviations and acronyms that start with the letter E and may be encountered in medicine and radiology (please keep both the main list and any sublists in alphabetic order).
A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q...
Article
Acromioclavicular joint cyst
Acromioclavicular joint cysts are benign lesions, either ganglionic or synovial in etiology.
Clinical presentation
Patients present with a soft, slightly painful mass above the acromioclavicular joint (ACJ), sometimes slightly limiting the shoulder range of motion.
Pathology
Classification
...
Article
Pulmonary artery intramural hematoma
Pulmonary artery intramural hematoma (PA-IMH) refers to a hemorrhage within the wall of the pulmonary arteries. It can occur alone in the setting of a thoracic aortic injury or as a complication of an acute aortic dissection for example in a setting where the posterior wall of the aortic root is...
Article
Hemimegalencephaly
Hemimegalencephaly is a rare congenital disorder of cortical formation characterized by hamartomatous overgrowth of all or part of a cerebral hemisphere. This overgrowth results from either increased proliferation or decreased apoptosis (or both) of developing neurons 2.
Epidemiology
Hemimegal...
Article
Canal wall up mastoidectomy
A canal wall up mastoidectomy is one of the types of mastoidectomies that can be performed. This involves exenteration of the mastoid air cells with preservation of the posterior wall of the external auditory canal, creating a mastoid bowl or cavity.
This procedure includes removal of Koerner...
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