Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
16,873 results found
Article
Air gap technique (general radiography)
The utilization of the air gap technique in general radiography is limited due to the need for equipment facilitation to create the air gap when it is not inherent in the standard technique.
Horizontal-beam lateral hip
There are many different methods of performing the horizontal beam lateral ...
Article
AAST spleen injury scale
The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) splenic injury scale, revised in 2018, is the most widely used grading system for splenic trauma.
The 2018 update incorporates "vascular injury" (i.e. pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula) into the imaging criteria for visceral injury 4...
Article
Tesla (SI unit)
The tesla (symbol T) is the derived SI unit of magnetic flux density, which represents the strength of a magnetic field. One tesla represents one weber per square meter. The equivalent, and superseded, cgs unit is the gauss (G); one tesla equals exactly 10,000 gauss.
Medical magnetic resonance ...
Article
Congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face
Congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face is a very rare congenital, non-hereditary disease manifesting with prominent unilateral facial overgrowth and deformity.
Clinical presentation
Facial asymmetry is always noted at birth. Other findings on the affected side include:
unilateral ske...
Article
Hysterosalpingogram
A hysterosalpingogram (HSG) is a fluoroscopic examination of the uterus and the fallopian tubes, most commonly used in the investigation of infertility or recurrent spontaneous abortions.
Indications
infertility: to assess uterine morphology and tubal patency
Contraindications
pregnancy
act...
Article
Adult fibrosarcoma
Adult fibrosarcomas are rare, malignant and highly aggressive fibroblastic soft tissue tumors. They constitute a diagnosis of exclusion.
Epidemiology
Adult fibrosarcomas by definition are rare and make up around 1% of soft tissue sarcomas. They are mostly seen in middle-aged people within the ...
Article
Rectal cancer response assessment
Assessment of rectal cancer response to therapy, which may be chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or a combination, relies on the synthesis of clinical, endoscopic and radiologic evaluation.
The purpose of neoadjuvant therapy is to downstage the tumor, to facilitate surgical resection, and reduce loca...
Article
Osseointegrated implant
Osseointegrated implants (OI) are endosteal implants characterized by porous surfaces that allow a direct structural connection between bone and implant without interposed soft tissue and ingrowth and interdigitation of the newly formed lamellar bone.
Osseointegration has been defined as direct...
Article
Hypertrophied column of Bertin
Columns of Bertin represent the extension of renal cortical tissue which separates the pyramids, and as such are normal structures. They become of radiographic importance when they are unusually enlarged and may be mistaken for a renal mass (renal pseudotumor).
Nomenclature of such enlarged col...
Article
Thyroseq
Thyroseq® is an expanded gene classifier test designed for further evaluation of indeterminate thyroid nodules on fine needle aspiration (FNA). In particular, it is designed to further evaluate nodules that show atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (...
Article
Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography
Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography (occasionally abbreviated as ce-VUS) is a relatively novel contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic technique utilizing microbubbles to detect vesicoureteral reflux.
Indications
Suspected or confirmed vesicoureteral reflux is the primary indication for contra...
Article
Bill bar
Bill bar (TA: crista verticalis) also known as the vertical crest, is a bony anatomical landmark that divides the superior compartment of the internal acoustic meatus into an anterior and posterior compartment. Anterior to Bill bar, in the anterior superior quadrant, are the facial nerve (CN VII...
Article
Models (machine learning)
Each machine learning model will vary whilst being determined in part by the type of problem being solved. Although much of the work in the field of image processing generally, and more specifically radiology, has focussed on convolutional neural networks, a type of neural network, a number of o...
Article
Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome
Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome (BOS), also known as disseminated dermatofibrosis lenticularis 2, comprises osteopoikilosis associated with disseminated connective tissue and cutaneous yellowish nevi, predominantly on the extremities and trunk 1. Genetic work has linked this syndrome to both isolate...
Article
Lung cancer associated with cystic airspaces
Lung cancer associated with cystic airspaces, rather than a distinct disease, represents a spectrum of radiological patterns of tumor growth mainly characterized by lesions arising or abutting the walls of cystic airspaces. Attention to this pattern has been brought in recent decades primarily d...
Article
Acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis (historical)
Acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis, also known as acute extrinsic allergic alveolitis, is a legacy term not recommended in the guidelines (c. 2020) 9. It refers to the episodic form of this condition usually happening in just a few hours after the antigen exposure and often recurring with the re...
Article
Pulmonary necrotizing granuloma
Pulmonary necrotizing granuloma refers to rather blanket term covering a group of entities which can result in granuloma formation with associated necrosis.
Pathology
On a pathologic specimen a necrotizing granuloma comprises of aggregates of macrophages transformed into epithelium-like cells...
Article
Galloway-Mowat syndrome
Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by nephrotic syndrome and central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities, namely microcephaly.
Epidemiology
Galloway-Mowat syndrome is considered extremely rare. Approximately 40 cases have been reported worldwide...
Article
Umbilical vein varix
Umbilical vein varix (UVV) refers to a focal dilatation of the umbilical vein.
Epidemiology
Associations
UVVs were initially thought to have a high association with other anomalies which include:
chromosomal anomalies: 5-12% with FIUVV 2,3
Down syndrome
underlying congenital cardiovascul...
Article
Proliferative myositis
Proliferative myositis (PM) is a rare benign inflammatory myositis. It is sometimes classified as a subtype of a pseudosarcomatous proliferative soft-tissue lesion.
Epidemiology
Thought to commonly occur in middle-aged adults (around 50 years), but has also been described in children.
Clinica...
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.