Small airways disease
Updates to Article Attributes
Body
was changed:
Small airways disease comprise of a group infectious as well as non-infectious conditions that affect the small airways (i.e. airways that are more peripheral to the main bronchi and proximal bronchioles (4th the 14th generation) - arbitrarily considered to be those with an internal diameter of ≤2 mm 3).
Pathology
While some authors consider this term synonymous with a bronchiolitis 4, conditions such as asthma may also fall under this group 7. There are also many other conditions that can affect or be associated with small airways which include:
- hypersensitivity pneumonitis 3
- sarcoidosis - pulmonary manifestations of sarcoidosis 3
- respiratory bronchiolitis interstitial lung disease 3
- micro carcinoid tumourlets - diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine hyperplasia 3
- follicular bronchiolitis 3
- drug
induced-induced small airways disease - connective tissues diseases
- rheumatoid arthritis 11
- pulmonary manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease 11
- Sjogren syndrome 9-10
Radiographic features
CT
There are many CT features associated with small airways disease, which include:
-
direct signs
- thickened peripheral airways: may only be seen in the proximal portion
-
indirect signs (many of these features may be nonspecific on their own):
- air trapping 7
- subsegmental atelectasis 7
- mosaic lung attenuation 1
- centrilobular nodules 1
- tree-in-bud changes 1,8
-<a href="/articles/respiratory-bronchiolitis-interstitial-lung-disease-1">respiratory bronchiolitis interstitial lung disease</a> <sup>3</sup>- +<a href="/articles/respiratory-bronchiolitis-interstitial-lung-disease-2">respiratory bronchiolitis interstitial lung disease</a> <sup>3</sup>
-<li>drug induced small airways disease</li>- +<li>drug-induced small airways disease</li>
-</ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>CT</h5><p>There are many CT features associated with small airways disease which include:</p><ul>- +</ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>CT</h5><p>There are many CT features associated with small airways disease, which include:</p><ul>
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