Splenic lesions and anomalies
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There are a number of splenic lesions and anomalies:
Congenital anomalies
Mass lesions
Benign mass lesions
- splenic cyst (mnemonic)
- splenic pseudocyst
- splenic haemangioma: commonest benign splenic lesion
- splenic lymphangioma
- splenic hamartoma
- sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT): fibrosing variant of hamartoma
- extramedullary haematopoiesis in the spleen
- splenic abscess: sonographically characterised by multiple “target” lesions
- splenic inflammatory pseudotumour 7
- splenic lipoma
- splenic angiomyolipoma
- splenic fibroma 7
- sarcoidosis
- focal splenic lesions in type I Gaucher disease 8
- splenic haematoma 10
Indeterminate mass lesions
Malignant mass lesions
- splenic lymphoma: commonest malignant tumour with splenic involvement 2
- angiosarcoma of spleen: commonest primary malignant splenic tumour 3
- haemagiopericytoma of spleen
- splenic metastases: 50% of which are from malignant melanoma
- splenic malignant fibrous histocytoma 9
Diffuse infiltrative processes
These usually manifests as splenomegaly. Some can present as distinct lesions (e.g. granulomas).
Other abnormalities
-
splenic rupture
- traumatic: spleen is the most frequently injured intra-abdominal organ in blunt trauma 2
- non-traumatic
- splenic infarction
- splenosis
- splenic peliosis
- +<li><a title="Splenic peliosis" href="/articles/splenic-peliosis">splenic peliosis</a></li>