Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
Updates to Article Attributes
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH or SIAD) was described in patients withlung cancer who developed hyponatraemia associated with continued urinary sodium loss. The result is often dilutional hyponatremia in which the sodium remains normal but total body fluid increases.
Pathology
Inappropriate (excessive) release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), later discovered to consist of arginine-vasopressin (AVP), may be caused by:
- malignant tumours
-: in particular head and neck cancer; non-small cell lung cancer; small cell lung cancer - infections
- positive pressure ventilation
- conditions with decreased left atrial pressure
- pharmaceutical agents
Treatment and prognosis
The optimal therapy for SIADH is to treat the underlying cause. If this is not possible, or if the disease has become refractory, other treatment methods are available such as water restriction, demeclocycline therapy, or in severe cases infusion of hypertonic saline together with frusemide during careful monitoring.
-<p><strong>Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion </strong>(<strong>SIADH</strong> or <strong>SIAD</strong>) was described in patients with<strong> </strong><a title="Lung cancer : general" href="/articles/bronchogenic-carcinoma">lung cancer</a> who developed hyponatraemia associated with continued urinary sodium loss. The result is often dilutional hyponatremia in which the sodium remains normal but total body fluid increases.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Inappropriate (excessive) release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), later discovered to consist of arginine-vasopressin (AVP), may be caused by: </p><ul>-<li>malignant tumours - in particular head and neck cancer; <a title="Non small cell lung cancer" href="/articles/non-small-cell-lung-cancer">non-small cell lung cancer</a>; <a title="Small cell lung cancer" href="/articles/small-cell-lung-cancer-1">small cell lung cancer</a>- +<p><strong>Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion </strong>(<strong>SIADH</strong> or <strong>SIAD</strong>) was described in patients with<strong> </strong><a href="/articles/lung-cancer-3">lung cancer</a> who developed hyponatraemia associated with continued urinary sodium loss. The result is often dilutional hyponatremia in which the sodium remains normal but total body fluid increases.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Inappropriate (excessive) release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), later discovered to consist of arginine-vasopressin (AVP), may be caused by: </p><ul>
- +<li>malignant tumours: in particular head and neck cancer; <a href="/articles/non-small-cell-lung-cancer">non-small cell lung cancer</a>; <a href="/articles/small-cell-lung-cancer-1">small cell lung cancer</a>
-</ul><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p><span style="line-height:1.6em">The optimal therapy for </span><strong style="line-height:1.6em">SIADH</strong><span style="line-height:1.6em"> is to treat the underlying cause. If this is not possible, or if the disease has become refractory, other treatment methods are available such as water restriction, demeclocycline therapy, or in severe cases infusion of hypertonic saline together with frusemide during careful monitoring.</span></p>- +</ul><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p>The optimal therapy for <strong>SIADH</strong> is to treat the underlying cause. If this is not possible, or if the disease has become refractory, other treatment methods are available such as water restriction, demeclocycline therapy, or in severe cases infusion of hypertonic saline together with frusemide during careful monitoring.</p>
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