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Testicular cancer

Changed by Yuranga Weerakkody, 3 Jan 2015

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Testicular ~~cancer~~cancers ~~is the~~ are the most common neoplasm in men between the ages of 20 and 34.

Epidemiology

Testicular cancer is uncommon, accounting for less than 1% of all internal organ malignancies ².

The demographics of affected individuals depends on the age of the histology of the tumour. Over 90% of all tumours of the testes are primary germ cell tumours, and as such young adults are the overall most frequently involved group.

It is interesting to note that among the germ cell tumours there is also stratification according to age, with some tumours being more common in some age groups than others:

1^stdecade: yolk sac tumour and testicular teratoma
2^nd decade: choriocarcinoma
3^rd decade: embryonal cell carcinoma
4^th decade: seminoma

Classification

primary tumour: 94% of all tumours
- testicular germ cell tumour: 90% of primary tumours
  - testicular seminoma: 40% of germ cell tumours ¹
  - non-seminomatous germ cell tumour: 60% of germ cell tumours
    - testicular embryonal cell carcinoma
    - testicular choriocarcinoma
    - testicular yolk sac tumour
    - testicular teratoma
    - testicular mixed germ cell tumour: 15% (typically one or more NSGCT and seminoma) ²
- testicular non-germ cell tumour: 10% of primary tumours
  - Sertoli cell tumour
  - Leydig cell tumour
- primary testicular lymphoma
secondary tumour: 6% of all tumours
- secondary testicular lymphoma
- testicular leukaemia
- metastasis to testis

Staging

testicular cancer staging

Image ( update )

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Case 1 -: pure yolk sac tumour

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Image 1 Pathology (Gross) ( update )

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~~Case 8 -~~Figure 1: gross specimen of a teratoma

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Image 2 Ultrasound (Transverse) ( update )

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Case 2 -: seminoma

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Image 3 Ultrasound (Right testis) ( update )

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Case 3 -: testicular teratoma

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Image 4 Ultrasound ( update )

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Case 4 -: testicular choriocarcinoma

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Image 5 MRI (T2) ( update )

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Case 5 -: testicular mixed germ cell tumour

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Image 6 MRI (T2 fat sat) ( update )

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Case 6 -: seminoma

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Image 7 CT (C+ portal venous phase) ( update )

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Case 7 -: metastatic mixed germ cell tumour of testis

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