Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia

Case contributed by Paul Leong
Diagnosis probable

Presentation

Palpitations, chest pain, SOB.

Patient Data

Age: 70 years
Gender: Female

18mm rounded RML pulmonary nodule.

There are multiple other tiny pulmonary nodules scattered throughout both lungs.

Mosaic lung attenuation.

Case Discussion

The combination of tiny nodules and mosaic attenuation in an older woman suggests a diagnosis of diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH). The larger nodule is compatible with a carcinoid tumor.

Mosaic attenuation in this condition is due to constrictive bronchiolitis.

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