Pectus excavatum

Case contributed by Henry Knipe
Diagnosis certain

Presentation

Abdominal pain ?perforated viscus.

Patient Data

Age: 50 years
Gender: Female
x-ray

Increased opacity in the medial right lower zone. Loss of right heart border and mild leftward mediastinal shift. 

x-ray

Lateral projection demonstrates pectus excavatum, which accounts for frontal chest x-ray appearances. 

Case Discussion

Pectus excavatum is a common, congenital deformity of the anterior chest wall. It results in easily recognisable chest x-ray findings:

  • blurring of right heart border
  • increased density of the inferomedial lung zone
  • horizontal posterior ribs
  • vertical anterior ribs (heart shaped)
  • displacement of heart towards the left
  • obliteration of the descending aortic interface

Differential diagnosis includes:

  • right middle lobe consolidation/atelectasis
  • left para-aortic soft tissue density (e.g. mass)
  • mediastinal mass due to deformation of the cardiomediastinal contour

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