Articles
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38 results found
Article
AAST spleen injury scale
The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) splenic injury scale, revised in 2018, is the most widely used grading system for splenic trauma.
The 2018 update incorporates "vascular injury" (i.e. pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula) into the imaging criteria for visceral injury 4...
Article
Limberg score
Limberg score is a semiquantitative color Doppler ultrasound assessment of the bowel wall vascularity in inflammatory bowel disease.
grade 0: normal bowel wall with no thickening (<4 mm), well-delineated mural stratification, no mural flow (no color Doppler signal)
grade 1: wall thickenin...
Article
Glasgow-Blatchford score
The Glasgow-Blatchford score (GBS) is a widely-used and well-validated scoring system for upper GI bleeding and the need for intervention.
Score
The scoring system relies upon knowing the patient's urea, hemoglobin, systolic blood pressure, and several other criteria. Each criterion is scored,...
Article
Gastric lymph node stations
The gastric lymph node stations were originally divided into 16 groups, as proposed by the Japanese Research Society for Gastric Cancer in 1973.
Gross anatomy
There are three major groups of lymph drainage from the stomach, namely, left gastric, gastroepiploic, and pyloric nodes 4, as shown in...
Article
Stoma
A stoma (plural stomata) is defined as an artificially created connection between two hollow organs or a hollow organ and the skin. A surgical procedure that involves the creation of a stoma carries the suffix "-ostomy".
For a discussion of imaging features and potential complications, please r...
Article
CT colonography reporting and data system
CT Colonography Reporting and Data System (C-RADS) is a method for standardizing CT colonography (CTC) reporting. The current revision is 2023 5.
Terminology
A polyp is defined as a homogenous soft tissue attenuation lesion projecting into the colonic lumen with a fixed point of attachment to ...
Article
Bowel and mesenteric trauma injury grading
A number of bowel and mesenteric injury grading systems have been proposed and validated for trauma to the bowel and/or mesentery based on CT and clinical parameters.
Classifications
RAPTOR 1
The RAdiographic Predictors of Therapeutic intervention score predicts the need for early therapeutic...
Article
Modified CT severity index (pancreatitis)
The modified CT severity index is an extension of the original CT severity index (CTSI) which was developed by Balthazar and colleagues in 1990 for distinguishing mild, moderate and severe forms of acute pancreatitis.
The original CT severity index has been followed internationally and has been...
Article
Gastric cancer (TNM staging)
Gastric cancer staging is routinely performed using the TNM staging system. This article is based on the 8th edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors. This is technically the clinical TNM staging (cTNM).
cTNM staging (8th edition)
T
Tx: primary tumor cannot be assessed
T0: no ev...
Article
Gastro-esophageal reflux grading
Gastro-oesophagal reflux grading is based on the vertical height that contrast-media reaches during fluoroscopy 1:
grade I: reflux in the distal esophagus
grade II: reflux up to or just above the carina
grade III: reflux into cervical esophagus
grade IV: reflux in the cervical esophagus with...
Article
Siewert-Stein classification of esophageal adenocarcinoma
The Siewert-Stein classification of esophageal adenocarcinoma classes tumors of the gastro-esophageal junction according to the relationship between the epicenter of the tumor and the gastro-esophageal junction 1. The classification system was initially proposed by Siewert et al in 1996, becomin...
Article
Pancreatic trauma injury grading
A number of pancreatic injury grading systems have been proposed for pancreatic trauma.
Classifications
American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) 5,7
The proximal pancreas is defined as the gland to the right of the superior mesenteric vein (SMV)-portal vein axis whereas the dista...
Article
Amsterdam criteria for hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer
The Amsterdam criteria, also known as the ICG–HNPCC criteria, were established for the selection of families with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) for research but are not exclusionary for the diagnosis of HNPCC 5.
Usage
Amsterdam criteria were first established in 1990 and r...
Article
Van Assche index
The Van Assche index is a semiquantitative scoring system originally developed in 2003 to assess the severity and disease response in perianal fistulizing Crohn disease. In 2017 substantial changes were proposed to the original system, resulting in the modified Van Assche index. Both systems rem...
Article
Clermont score
The Clermont score or DWI-MaRIA scoring system is used to assess ileocolonic Crohn disease activity on noncontrast MRI enterography. It is based on the earlier Magnetic Resonance Index of Activity (MaRIA) index, however, it does not require intravenous gadolinium by substituting relative contras...
Article
Magnetic Resonance Index of Activity (MaRIA)
The Magnetic Resonance Index of Activity (MaRIA) scoring system is used to assess ileocolonic Crohn disease activity on contrast-enhanced MRI enterography. The segmental index represents disease severity in one bowel segment, whilst assessing six defined anatomic regions these can be combined in...
Article
AAST injury scoring scales
The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) injury scoring scales are the most widely accepted and used system of classifying and categorizing traumatic injuries. Injury grade reflects severity, guides management, and aids in prognosis. 32 different injury scores are available (c. ...
Article
Choi response criteria
The solitary use of the size of the tumor during evaluation for response to chemotherapy has some pitfalls and limitations, especially for specific tumors such as gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).
The Choi response criteria for GIST proposed that tumor attenuation could provide an addition...
Article
Terminology of rectal cancer staging
The terminology used in describing the stage and features of rectal cancer staging is based on using abbreviations and prefixes to denote the specific stage identifier, modality of assessment and the patient's position in the treatment journey 1.
Terminology
Abbreviations and letters used in s...
Article
Hinchey classification of acute diverticulitis
The Hinchey classification for acute diverticulitis (anywhere along the bowel, not just the colon) has been variously adapted and modified since its original description, and is useful not only in academia but also in outlining successive stages of severity 3,5,6. Adoption and utility of the va...
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