Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
247 results found
Article
Radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG)
A Radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG), or percutaneous radiological gastrostomy (RPG), is a procedure where a gastrostomy tube is inserted percutaneously into the stomach under fluoroscopic guidance, principally to provide nutritional support for patients with swallowing disorders 1. Gastr...
Article
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a procedure where a flexible feeding tube (commonly known as a PEG tube) is inserted through the abdominal wall and into the stomach via endoscopy. Alternatively a tube can be placed under radiological guidance, known as a radiologically inserted gast...
Article
Rotator cuff calcific tendinitis barbotage
Rotator cuff calcific tendonitis can be treated with various techniques including ultrasound-guided barbotage, which is also known as ultrasound-guided needling and lavage. It is often performed in conjunction with a subacromial bursal injection. Alternative treatments include extracorporeal sho...
Article
Sternoclavicular joint injection (technique)
Sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) injections under image guidance ensure precise delivery of an injectate into the joint and importantly that needle depth is under direct visualization.
Indications
pain
arthropathy, e.g. osteoarthritis
diagnostic injection
Contraindications
Absolute
anaphyla...
Article
CT myelography
CT myelography (CTM) is a myelography technique used mainly to assess for potential spinal canal stenosis when MRI is contraindicated or when dynamic imaging is required.
History
CT myelography was first performed in 1976 2 and became the gold standard for imaging the spinal canal and cord unt...
Article
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles are type of permanent embolization agent used in interventional radiological procedures.
Mechanism of action
When injected, PVA particles adhere ot the vessel wall, activating the coagulation cascade and leading to vessel occlusion by provoking thrombus format...
Article
Adrenal vein sampling
Adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is a procedure where blood is collected from the adrenal veins via catheter to confirm autonomous hormone production, if it is unilateral or bilateral, and to guide further treatment 1. If unilateral, the adrenal gland can be removed by surgery; thus curing secondary ...
Article
Seldinger technique
The Seldinger technique is the mainstay of vascular and other luminal access in interventional radiology.
Uses
digital subtraction angiography
insertion of central venous catheters
insertion of chest drains
insertion of pacemaker leads or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators
insertion ...
Article
Large vessel occlusion
Large vessel occlusion (LVO), also termed proximal large vessel occlusion (PLVO), describes occlusion of a proximal and large-sized intracranial artery resulting in impending acute ischemic stroke. The definition of large vessel occlusion varies significantly among clinical trials of endovascula...
Article
Medium vessel occlusion
Medium vessel occlusion (MeVO), also termed distal medium vessel occlusion (DMVO), describes occlusion of a medium-sized intracranial artery resulting in impending acute ischemic stroke.
Definition
One consensus definition of ‘medium vessel’ suggests intracranial arteries with a luminal diamet...
Article
Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta
Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is a treatment for hemorrhagic shock used in major trauma patients with life-threatening abdominal or lower limb bleeding.
The aortic balloon is delivered on a catheter via the femoral artery in order to reduce any distal bleedi...
Article
Gluteus minimus/medius calcific tendinopathy barbotage (technique)
Gluteus minimus/medius calcific tendinopathy barbotage is a procedure performed under ultrasound guidance with the aim of reducing the bulk of tendon calcification, in a similar fashion to that performed for rotator cuff calcific tendinopathy.
Indications
gluteus minimus/medius tendon calcifi...
Article
Greater trochanteric bursa injection (technique)
Greater femoral trochanteric bursa injections under ultrasound guidance ensure the injectate is accurately given into the bursa. The greater trochanteric bursa is the largest of the bursae surrounding the proximal femur, with the others including the subgluteus minimus and subgluteus medius burs...
Article
CT dose index
CT dose index (CTDI) (measured in mGy) is a standardized measure of radiation dose output of a CT scanner which allows the user to compare radiation output of different CT scanners. In the past CTDI100 (measured over a 100 mm long ionization chamber) and CTDIw (weighted average of dose across a ...
Article
MRI targeted prostate biopsy
MRI targeted prostate biopsy refers to an imaging targeted technique rather than the traditional systematic approach of a prostate biopsy after respective imaging with multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) of the prostate.
As a consequence of advances with multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) of the prostate in t...
Article
Percutaneous lung tumor ablation
Percutaneous lung tumor ablation techniques are an alternative to surgery or stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for the treatment of certain malignancies. They have specific indications and contraindications, but are mostly limited to small oligonodular and favourably located lesions.
They ...
Article
Superior rectal artery embolization
Superior rectal artery embolization is a minimally invasive endovascular technique that has a role in the management of acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding and as a potential option for the treatment of symptomatic hemorrhoidal disease, this article will focus on the latter.
Procedure
Perfor...
Article
Periprocedural anticoagulation
Periprocedural anticoagulation planning is essential when planning an interventional procedure so that the best balance between the risk of bleeding and thrombosis can be achieved.
The following must be considered in assessment of periprocedural anticoagulation:
bleeding risks associated with ...
Article
Angioplasty
Angioplasty, also called balloon angioplasty or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), is a minimally invasive interventional procedure in which an inflatable balloon-tipped catheter is introduced through the skin into the vascular lumen to open a stenotic segment of the vessel. Angioplast...
Article
Modified treatment in cerebral infarction (mTICI) score
The modified treatment in cerebral infarction (mTICI) score was developed from the original thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) scale by a consensus group in 2013 1. The recommendations included a name change to better reflect the increasing use of endovascular clot retrieval for ischemic...
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