Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
88 results found
Article
Causes of cone-shaped epiphysis (mnemonic)
A useful mnemonic for remembering the causes of cone-shaped epiphysis is:
ABCDE MOST
Mnemonic
A: achondroplasia, acrodysostosis
B: Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
C: chondroplasia punctata, Cockayne syndrome, conorenal syndrome, cleidocranial dysplasia, cartilage-hair hypoplasia
D: dactylitis,...
Article
Lucent/lytic bone lesion - differential diagnosis (mnemonic)
Mnemonics for the differential diagnosis of lucent/lytic bone lesions include:
FEGNOMASHIC
FOG MACHINES
They are anagrams of each other and therefore include the same components. They are by no means exhaustive lists, but are a good start for remembering a differential for a lucent/lytic bone...
Article
Erlenmeyer flask deformity (mnemonic)
Some of the causes of an Erlenmeyer flask deformity can be recalled with the following mnemonics:
LORA CHONG
AP OF DR GHLN
CHONG
Lead GNOME
APC(de)FGH
Mnemonics
LORA CHONG
L: leukemia, lead poisoning
O: osteopetrosis, osteochondromatosis
R: rheumatoid arthritis, rickets
A: achondropla...
Article
Lumbar plexus (mnemonic)
Handy mnemonics to recall the branches of the lumbar plexus are:
Indecent Ian Gets Laid On Fridays Luckily
Itchy Igor Gets Laid On Fridays Luckily
(ItcHy - iliohypogastric, IGor - ilioinguinal)
I (twice) Get Laid On Fridays
I (twice) Get Leftovers On Fridays
IIGLO For aLl
IIGLO is used i...
Article
Hair on end sign (mnemonic)
The hair on end sign refers to a radiographic appearance of the diploic space of the skull vault which results from a thickening of trabeculae as the diploic space expands. These trabeculae are perpendicular in orientation, interspersed by radiolucent marrow hyperplasia along with skull vault.
...
Article
Systemic lupus erythematosus (mnemonic)
A mnemonic to remember the clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus is:
MD SOAP BRAIN
Mnemonic
M: malar "butterfly" rash
D: discoid rash
S: serositis
O: oral ulcers
A: ANA positive
P: photosensitivity, pleuritis/pericarditis
B: blood (hematologic) abnormality
R: renal disease ...
Article
Acro-osteolysis (mnemonic)
The causes of acro-osteolysis can be remembered using the mnemonic:
CHOP FINger
PINCH FO
Mnemonic
CHOP FINger
Potentially easy to remember because acro-osteolysis makes the affected phalanges look like they have been chopped off.
C: collagen vascular disease, e.g. scleroderma, Raynaud dise...
Article
Elbow ossification (mnemonic)
Mnemonics for elbow ossification include CRITOE and CRITOL. These are essentially the same, apart from the terminal letter which represents the External or Lateral epicondyle.
Mnemonics
CRITOE
C: capitellum
R: radial head
I: internal epicondyle
T: trochlea
O: olecranon
E: external epicon...
Article
Galeazzi and Monteggia fracture-dislocations (mnemonic)
There are several mnemonics for the difference between a Galeazzi and a Monteggia fracture-dislocation:
GRIMUS
MUGR (pronounced as mugger)
FROG
GRUesome MURder
Manchester United / Glasgow Rangers
Monteggia is mountainous
It is useful to note that it is the head of the non-fractured bone t...
Article
Femoral triangle boundaries (mnemonic)
A mnemonic for the boundaries of the femoral triangle is:
SAIL
This should be easy to remember because the femoral triangle is shaped like a sail.
Mnemonic
S: sartorius
A: adductor longus
IL: inguinal ligament
Article
Bone lesion description (mnemonic)
A mnemonic for describing bone lesions (of any type) in a general order and logical order:
General: CAMPS
Logical: All Sensible People Must Make Clear/Proper Sense
Mnemonics
CAMPS
C: cortical response
A: age
M: margins, matrix
P: pattern of destruction, periosteal reaction
S: site, soft...
Article
Soft tissue calcification (mnemonic)
Mnemonics to remember the causes of soft tissue calcification include:
My GHOSTS 1
TIC MTV 2
Mnemonics
My GHOSTS
My: myositis ossificans
G: gout
H: hyperparathyroidism
O: ochronosis
S: scleroderma/connective tissue diseases
T: tumoral calcinosis
S: sarcoma (synovial cell)
TIC MTV
T:...
Article
Causes of sacroiliitis - symmetric vs asymmetric (mnemonic)
A mnemonic for remembering the symmetric vs asymmetric causes of sacroiliitis is:
PAIR
Mnemonic
P: psoriatic arthritis
A: ankylosing spondylitis
I: inflammatory bowel disease related
R: reactive (e.g. reactive arthritis)
The asymmetric letters (P and R) are the asymmetric causes
The symm...
Article
Short metacarpals (mnemonic)
A mnemonic for remembering the causes of short metacarpals is:
BIC Pen
Mnemonic
B: basal cell nevus syndrome
I: idiopathic, infections
C: chromosomal: Turner syndrome
P: pseudohypoparathyroidism/pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism
Article
Osteonecrosis causes (mnemonic)
Mnemonics for the causes of osteonecrosis (previously known as avascular necrosis):
STARS
PLASTIC RAGS
ASEPTIC
Mnemonics
STARS
Most common causes:
S: steroids, SLE
T: trauma (e.g. femoral neck fracture, hip dislocation, scaphoid fracture, slipped capital femoral epiphysis 2)
A: alcohol ...
Article
Fingertip lesions (mnemonic)
A mnemonic for fingertip lesions is:
GEMS
Mnemonic
G: glomus tumor
E: epidermoid / enchondroma / subungual exostosis
M: metastasis (almost exclusively from lung)
S: sarcoidosis
Article
Wormian bones (mnemonic)
A mnemonic to remember ten of the numerous conditions associated with Wormian bones is:
PORKCHOPS
Mnemonic
P: pyknodysostosis
O: osteogenesis imperfecta
R: rickets
K: kinky hair syndrome
C: cleidocranial dysostosis
H: hypothyroidism/hypophosphatasia
...
Article
Meniscofemoral ligament (mnemonic)
A useful mnemonic for how the meniscofemoral ligaments course in relation to the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is:
the posterior meniscofemoral ligament (of Wrisberg) rides the PCL (i.e. is posterosuperior)
the anterior meniscofemoral ligament (of Humphrey) is humped by the PCL (i.e....
Article
Subchondral cysts (mnemonic)
A mnemonic for the causes of subchondral cysts is:
COORS
Mnemonic
C: CPPD
O: osteoarthritis
O: osteonecrosis
R: rheumatoid arthritis
S: synovial-based tumors
See also
Geode (subchondral cyst)
Article
Osteolysis of distal clavicle (mnemonic)
There are useful mnemonics for the causes of tapered osteolysis of the distal clavicle. They are as follows:
SHORT Pencil
SHIRT Pocket
Mnemonics
SHORT Pencil
Potentially easy to remember because the diseased clavicle looks similar to a sharpened pencil.
S: scleroderma
H: hyperparathyroidi...
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.