Articles
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803 results found
Article
Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery
Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA), also known as Bland-White-Garland syndrome (BWG), is a rare congenital coronary artery anomaly and is considered one of the most severe of such anomalies.
There are two forms, based on the onset of the disease, each of which has...
Article
Anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery
Anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery from the aorta (AOPA) represents a rare congenital cardiovascular anomaly. One pulmonary artery originates from the aorta and the other from the right ventricular outflow tract 1-3. It more often involves the right pulmonary artery than the left pulmonary...
Article
Anomalous right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery
Anomalous right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ARCAPA), is a rare congenital coronary artery anomaly and is considered one of the most severe of such anomalies.
Epidemiology
This abnormality only accounts for less than 0.1% of all congenital cardiac anomalies 1 and is up to four ti...
Article
Anorexia nervosa
Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder characterized by distorted self-perception of body weight leading to starvation, obsession with remaining underweight, and an excessive fear of gaining weight. One in five patients with anorexia dies due to complications of the disease.
Epidemiology
T...
Article
Anterior cardiac veins
The anterior cardiac veins are a group of parallel coronary veins that course over the anterior surface of the right ventricle, draining it and entering directly into the right atrium. They may occasionally drain into the small cardiac vein.
Article
Aortic annulus
The aortic annulus is a fibrous ring at the aortic orifice to the front and right of the atrioventricular aortic valve and is considered the transition point between the left ventricle and aortic root. The annulus is part of the fibrous skeleton of the heart. It is at the level of the sinus of V...
Article
Aortic arch view (fetal echocardiogram)
An aortic arch view is one of the additional views performed on fetal obstetric ultrasound - fetal echocardiography. It is an oblique sagittal view which is obtained similar to a left anterior oblique angiogram or the sagittal arch view obtained in CT arteriography. The isthmus, after the origin...
Article
Aortic dissection
Aortic dissection is the prototype and most common form of acute aortic syndromes and a type of arterial dissection. It occurs when blood enters the medial layer of the aortic wall through a tear or penetrating ulcer in the intima and tracks longitudinally along with the media, forming a second ...
Article
Aortic isthmus
The aortic isthmus is the part of the aorta just distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery at the site of the ductus arteriosus.
This portion of the aorta is partly constricted in the fetus because of the lack of flow within the aortic sac and ascending aorta. It marks the partial sepa...
Article
Aortic pseudoaneurysm vs ductus diverticulum
Differentiation of aortic pseudoaneurysm from ductus diverticulum is critical, particularly in the trauma setting. A traumatic aortic pseudoaneurysm is a surgical emergency whereas a ductus diverticulum is a normal anatomic variant.
The following are differentiating features:
Aortic pseudoaneu...
Article
Aortic root
The aortic root is the first part of the aorta containing parts of the aortic valve and connects the heart to systemic circulation.
Gross anatomy
The aortic root is located between the aortic annulus (the junction of the outflow tract of the left ventricle and the aortic valve) and the sinotu...
Article
Aortic root abscess
An aortic root abscess is a serious complication of infective endocarditis and most commonly seen in patients who have had aortic root repair and/or aortic valve replacement.
Epidemiology
Aortic root abscess occurs as a complication of infective endocarditis in 10-37% 9. Abscess formation in p...
Article
Aortic root to right ventricle fistula
An aortic root to right ventricle fistula refers to abnormal fistulous communication between the aortic root and the right ventricle. It results from a defect of the aortic wall usually in the area above the right coronary cusp, where it separates aorta and right ventricular outflow tract. It ca...
Article
Aortic valve
The aortic valve (AV) is one of the four cardiac valves. It is the semilunar valve that allows blood to exit the left ventricle (LV). It opens during systole and closes during diastole.
The valve has left, right, and posterior cusps, the bases of which attach around the valve orifice to a fibro...
Article
Aortic valve calcification
Aortic valve calcification can be an important incidental observation in thoracic radiography or CT imaging. It is considered a marker for clinically significant aortic stenosis.
Epidemiology
According to some reports, aortic valve calcification may be prevalent as an incidental finding in up ...
Article
Aortic valve prolapse
Aortic valve prolapse refers to the improper closure of aortic valve leaflets. Aortic valve prolapse can result in aortic regurgitation, aortic root dilatation, and eccentric remodeling of the left ventricle.
Pathology
Etiology
pulmonary atresia
rheumatic aortic valve disease
bicuspid ao...
Article
Aortic valve regurgitation
Aortic valve regurgitation, also known as aortic valve insufficiency or aortic valve incompetence, is a valvulopathy that describes leaking of the aortic valve during diastole that causes blood to flow in the reverse direction from the aorta and into the left ventricle.
Epidemiology
Aortic reg...
Article
Aortic valve stenosis
Aortic valve stenosis is the most common valvulopathy and describes narrowing of the opening of the aortic valve between the aorta and the left ventricle.
Epidemiology
Aortic stenosis is the most common valvulopathy, present in up to one-quarter of all patients with chronic valvular heart dise...
Article
Aortomitral continuity
The aortomitral continuity (also known as the aortomitral curtain, aorticomitral junction, intervalvular fibrous body) is a fibrous sheet located between the noncoronary and left coronary leaflets of the aortic valve and anterior leaflet of the mitral valve. It is attached by the left and right ...
Article
Aortopulmonary septal defect
Aortopulmonary septal defect (APSD) is a congenital anomaly where there is an abnormal communication between the proximal aorta and the pulmonary trunk in the presence of separate aortic and pulmonary valves.
Terminology
APSD should not be confused with the radiographic term aortopulmonary win...
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