Articles
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1,380 results found
Article
Peripancreatic pseudoaneurysm
Peripancreatic pseudoaneurysm refers to the formation of a pseudoaneurysm around the pancreatic gland. It is a rare but potentially lethal complication 5.
Epidemiology
Formation of pseudoaneurysm can occur in as many as 10% of cases of pancreatitis. The time interval is variable, ranging from ...
Article
Vertebral arteria lusoria
Vertebral arteria lusoria is an extremely rare anatomical variant of the aortic arch, whereby the right vertebral artery arises from the aorta distal to the left subclavian artery 1. The aberrant right vertebral artery has a retro-esophageal and retrotracheal course before entering a cervical tr...
Article
Proatlantal artery
The proatlantal artery is one of the persistent carotid-vertebrobasilar anastomoses, and can be subdivided into two types depending on its origin:
type I: (~55%)
corresponds to the first segmental artery
arises from the internal carotid artery
also known as the proatlantal intersegmental art...
Article
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease with multisystem involvement. Although abnormalities in almost every aspect of the immune system have been found, the key defect is thought to result from a loss of self-tolerance to autoantigens.
Epidemiology
There is a strong...
Article
Situs inversus
Situs inversus, (rare plural: sitūs inversi) short form of the Latin “situs inversus viscerum”, is a term used to describe the inverted position of chest and abdominal organs.
Terminology
The condition is called situs inversus totalis when there is a total transposition of abdominal and thorac...
Article
Medical devices in the thorax
Medical devices in the thorax are regularly observed by radiologists when reviewing radiographs and CT scans.
Extrathoracic devices
tubing, clamps, syringes, scissors, lying on or under the patient
rubber sheets, foam mattresses, clothing, hair braids, nipple piercings, etc., may also be visi...
Article
Marfan syndrome
Marfan syndrome is a multisystem connective tissue disease caused by a defect in the protein fibrillin 1, encoded by the FBN1 gene. Cardiovascular involvement with aortic root dilatation and dissection is the most feared complication of the disease.
Epidemiology
The estimated prevalence is aro...
Article
Arteriovenous malformation
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are characterized by an abnormal leash of vessels allowing for arteriovenous shunting. They can occur anywhere in the body but are most common in the brain 1. There is direct arteriovenous communication with no intervening capillary bed. They can be congenital ...
Article
Lymphatic system
The lymphatic system (also known as the lymphoid system or systema lymphoideum in Terminologia Anatomica) is the collective term given to the lymphatic vessels and lymphoid tissues in the body 1,4.
Terminology
Occasionally the lymphatic system is considered with the reticuloendothelial system ...
Article
Carotid endarterectomy
Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a surgical procedure that involves removing atherosclerotic plaque causing internal carotid artery stenosis to prevent ischemic stroke. It can be used in both the setting of symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid stenosis.
Percutaneous carotid arterial stenting (CA...
Article
Terson syndrome
Terson syndrome refers to intraocular hemorrhage in patients with intracranial hemorrhage.
Terminology
The traditional definition of Terson syndrome was vitreous hemorrhage associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage. However, there is also a broader definition which captures intraocular hemorrhag...
Article
Vertebrovenous fistula
Vertebrovenous fistulas are uncommon arteriovenous fistulas between the vertebral artery and the adjacent vertebral venous plexus 1. They can present with a variety of symptoms, including bruits and neurological symptoms and occur either spontaneously, typically in patients with connective tissu...
Article
Generalized lymphatic anomaly
Generalized lymphatic anomaly, previously known as lymphangiomatosis or cystic angiomatosis, is a systemic condition characterized by multifocal lymphatic malformations with systemic distribution. The distribution of lesions is variable; there can be cutaneous, thoracic and abdominal viscera and...
Article
Intracranial mycotic aneurysm
Intracranial mycotic aneurysms, or intracranial infectious aneurysms, describe aneurysms arising from infection of the arterial wall of intracranial vessels.
See mycotic aneurysm for a general discussion on infectious aneurysms.
Epidemiology
The epidemiology of intracerebral mycotic aneurysms...
Article
White coat hypertension
White coat hypertension (WCH or WCHT), and not to be confused with the white coat effect (WCE), is commonly defined as typical in-clinic blood pressure (BP) measurements of 140/90 mm Hg or more in the presence of multiple daytime out-of-clinic home or ambulatory BP readings averaging less than 1...
Article
Pulmonary hypertension
Pulmonary hypertension is currently defined as a resting mean pulmonary arterial pressure of >20 mmHg at right heart catheterization, which is a hemodynamic feature that is shared by all types of pulmonary hypertension.
A resting mean pulmonary arterial pressure of ≤20 mmHg is considered normal...
Article
Carotid web
Carotid webs, also known as carotid intimal variant fibromuscular dysplasia, are rare vascular pathologies of the internal carotid artery that are an important cause of cryptogenic and recurrent ischemic stroke.
Terminology
Carotid webs have had many different names in the literature, includin...
Article
Angioplasty
Angioplasty, also called balloon angioplasty or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), is a minimally invasive interventional procedure in which an inflatable balloon-tipped catheter is introduced through the skin into the vascular lumen to open a stenotic segment of the vessel. Angioplast...
Article
Superior mediastinum
The superior mediastinum is an artificially divided wedge-shaped compartment of the mediastinum located between the thoracic plane inferiorly and the thoracic inlet superiorly. The inferior mediastinum, comprising of the anterior, middle, and posterior parts, lies inferiorly.
Gross anatomy
Bou...
Article
Medial circumflex femoral artery
The medial circumflex femoral artery is usually a branch of the profunda femoris that arises close to its origin, usually before the origin of the lateral circumflex femoral artery. It provides blood to the femoral neck and damage to the artery or involvement of it in pathological processes may ...
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