Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
1,380 results found
Article
Uterine artery embolization
Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is an interventional radiological technique to decrease the arterial supply to the uterus and is performed for various reasons.
History
Uterine artery embolization has been practised for more than 20 years for controlling post-partum hemorrhage.
The technique...
Article
Borden classification of dural arteriovenous fistulas
The Borden classification of dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVF) groups these lesions into three types based upon the site of venous drainage and the presence or absence of cortical venous drainage. It was first proposed in 1995 1. At the time of writing (July 2016), it is probably less popular ...
Article
Central venous catheter
Central venous catheters (CVC), also known as central venous lines (CVL), refer to a wide range of catheters that are inserted so that their distal tips lie in a central vein. Central venous access devices can broadly be divided into four categories. They may be inserted by medical, surgical, an...
Article
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) infarct
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) territory infarcts are much less common than posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) infarcts. AICA generally arises from the caudal third of the basilar artery and supplies the lateral pons, inner ear, middle cerebellar peduncle and the anterior in...
Article
Fisher scale
The Fisher scale is the initial and best-known system of classifying the amount of subarachnoid hemorrhage on CT scans, described in 1980 4. Its primary use was in predicting the occurrence and severity of cerebral vasospasm, highest in grade 3 2,4.
Usage
Although it is known as a scale, fro...
Article
Inferior gluteal artery
The inferior gluteal artery is a branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery. It originates in the pelvis and supplies the gluteal region and thigh.
Summary
origin: anterior division of the internal iliac artery
location: pelvis, gluteal region, back of thigh
supply: buttock...
Article
CT perfusion in ischemic stroke
CT perfusion in ischemic stroke has become established in most centers with stroke services as an important adjunct, along with CT angiography (CTA), to conventional unenhanced CT brain imaging.
It enables the differentiation of salvageable ischemic brain tissue (the penumbra) from the irrevoca...
Article
Intracranial atherosclerotic disease
Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD), also known as intracranial atherosclerosis or intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS), is the term applied to atherosclerosis of the large intracranial arteries and is a cause of recurrent ischemic stroke.
Epidemiology
Intracranial atherosclero...
Article
Great cerebral vein
The great cerebral vein, also known as the vein of Galen or great vein of Galen, is a short valveless midline venous trunk that drains the deep parts of the cerebrum, brainstem and parts of the posterior cranial fossa.
Gross anatomy
The great cerebral vein begins just superior to the pineal gl...
Article
Transposition of inferior vena cava
Transposition of inferior vena cava (also known as left-sided IVC) refers to a variant course of the inferior vena cava. It is the most common anomaly of IVC and occurs due to persistence of left supracardinal vein.
Diagnosis of left sided inferior vena cava is important for:
planning of vascu...
Article
Azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava
Azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava (also known as the absence of the hepatic segment of the IVC with azygos continuation) is an uncommon vascular anomaly and is a cause of a dilated azygos vein.
Terminology
Spelling it "azygous" when referring to the vein is incorrect, regardless of...
Article
Perianeurysmal retroperitoneal fibrosis
Perianeurysmal retroperitoneal fibrosis is a subtype of a spectrum of retroperitoneal fibrosis. It is characterized by association with an inflammatory aneurysm, adventitial and periadventitial inflammation, medial thinning and chronic retroperitoneal inflammatory process which is associated wit...
Article
Coronary artery bypass graft
A coronary artery bypass graft (CABG or CAG) is placed during a surgical procedure to increase blood flow to the myocardium due to coronary stenoses, usually caused by coronary artery disease. Arteries or veins can be grafted during this procedure.
Long term outcome of coronary artery bypass gr...
Article
Obturator artery
The obturator artery is a branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery. It provides vascular supply within the pelvis and medial lower limb.
Summary
origin: anterior division of the internal iliac artery
location: pelvis and lower limb
supply: pelvic muscles, ilium, head of ...
Article
Inferior epigastric artery
The inferior epigastric artery arises from the external iliac artery and is an important artery supplying the anterior abdominal wall. If a superficial inferior epigastric artery is present, as seen in about two-thirds of cases, then the inferior epigastric artery is referred to as the deep infe...
Article
Ascending cervical artery
The ascending cervical artery is a paired artery from the lower neck that supplies deep neck muscles and most commonly originates from the inferior thyroid artery.
Gross anatomy
Location
The ascending cervical artery travels upwards in the neck, lateral and parallel to the vertebral artery, w...
Article
Diaphragm
The diaphragm is the dome-shaped skeletal muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity, enclosing the inferior thoracic aperture.
Terminology
On chest imaging, in particular chest radiography, an imaginary anteroposterior midline divides the diaphragm into two halves, fo...
Article
Aortopulmonary septal defect
Aortopulmonary septal defect (APSD) is a congenital anomaly where there is an abnormal communication between the proximal aorta and the pulmonary trunk in the presence of separate aortic and pulmonary valves.
Terminology
APSD should not be confused with the radiographic term aortopulmonary win...
Article
Diaphragmatic apertures
The diaphragmatic apertures are a series of apertures that permit the passage of structures between the thoracic and abdominal cavities. There are three main apertures:
aortic hiatus (T12 level, not a true aperture):
contains the aorta, thoracic duct, azygos vein
esophageal hiatus (T10 level)...
Article
Lung hilum
The lung hila or roots are found on the medial aspect of each lung and transmit structures between the lung and mediastinum. The left and right lung roots are similar but not identical. The roots of the lung lie between T5 to T7 vertebrae 5.
The hilar point is a point where the upper lobe vein ...
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