Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
3,362 results found
Article
Profunda femoris artery
The profunda femoris artery (also known as the deep femoral artery or deep artery of the thigh) is a branch of the femoral artery and is responsible for providing oxygenated blood to the deep structures of the thigh, including the femora.
Summary
origin: femoral artery
main branches
medial c...
Article
Femur
The femur (plural: femora) is the longest, most voluminous and strongest bone in the human body.
Gross anatomy
It is composed of the upper extremity, body and lower extremity and provides several muscular origins and insertions.
Proximal portion
The upper extremity is composed of the head, n...
Article
Phrygian cap
Phrygian caps are the most common congenital anatomic variant of the gallbladder. It denotes folding of the fundus back upon the gallbladder body and is asymptomatic with no pathological significance.
Radiographic findings
A Phrygian cap may be identified on ultrasound, multiphase CT/MRI, or c...
Article
Elbow
The elbow is a complex synovial joint formed by the articulations of the humerus, the radius, and the ulna.
Gross anatomy
Articulations
The elbow joint is made up of three articulations 2,3:
radiohumeral: capitellum of the humerus with the radial head
ulnohumeral: trochlea of the humerus w...
Article
Eyelid
The eyelids cover the eyes, with an upper and lower eyelid on each side, and are covered in front with loose skin and behind with adherent conjunctiva. The lower lids possess very little mobility; the upper eyelid is elevated by levator palpebrae superioris muscle fibers and the lids are closed ...
Article
Levator palpebrae superioris muscle
The levator palpebrae superioris muscle is a small muscle of the superior orbit that elevates and retracts the upper eyelid. It is not part of the extraocular muscles; it does not insert on the globe and therefore does not produce eye movements. But it is considered to be one of the facial muscl...
Article
Orbital septum
The orbital septum (plural: orbital septa) is a thin sheet of fibrous tissue that originates from the orbital rim periosteum and blends with the tendon of the levator palpebrae superioris superiorly and inserts into the tarsal plate inferiorly.
The orbital septum separates the intra-orbital fat...
Article
Tarsal plate
The tarsal plates of the eye are formed by dense fibrous tissue representing thickened extensions of the orbital septum, molded to the curvature of the eyeball. Each eye has a superior tarsal plate and an inferior tarsal plate, located in their respective eyelid.
The plates anchor the roots of...
Article
Bronchus intermedius
The bronchus intermedius is one of the two bronchi which the right main bronchus bifurcates into, the other being the right upper lobe bronchus.
Gross anatomy
The bronchus intermedius runs distal to the right upper lobe bifurcation and follows the trajectory of the right main bronchus 1. Its m...
Article
Right main bronchus
The trachea bifurcates into the right and left main bronchi at the level of the carina, supplying air to the right and left lungs respectively. Each main or primary bronchus enters the hilum of its lung and gives rise to secondary lobar bronchi, which further divide into tertiary segmental bronc...
Article
Left main bronchus
The trachea bifurcates into the right and left main bronchi at the level of the carina, supplying air to the right and left lungs respectively. Each main or primary bronchus enters the hilum of its lung and gives rise to secondary lobar bronchi, which further divide into tertiary segmental bronc...
Article
Trachea
The trachea, known colloquially as the windpipe, connects the upper respiratory tract to the lungs via the tracheobronchial tree, enabling gas exchange.
Gross anatomy
The trachea is a tube-shaped structure consisting of 15-20 D-shaped cartilage rings anterolaterally bridged by annular ligament...
Article
Bronchopulmonary segmental anatomy
Bronchopulmonary segmental anatomy describes the division of the lungs into segments based on the tertiary or segmental bronchi.
Gross anatomy
The trachea divides at the carina forming the left and right main stem bronchi which enter the lung substance to divide further. This initial division ...
Article
Glenoid labrum
The glenoid labrum is a fibrocartilaginous structure that attaches as a rim to the articular cartilage of the glenoid fossa and serves to deepen and increase the surface area of the glenoid. In this capacity, it acts as a static stabilizer of the glenohumeral joint, resisting anterior and poster...
Article
Biceps brachii muscle
The biceps brachii muscle (also known simply as biceps) is a two-headed muscle in the anterior compartment of the arm that flexes at the elbow and supinates the forearm.
Summary
origin
short head: coracoid process of the scapula
long head: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
insertion: rad...
Article
Coracoclavicular ligament
The coracoclavicular (CC) ligament is the major vertical stabilizing factor of the acromioclavicular joint.
Gross anatomy
The coracoclavicular ligament can be divided into two parts: the more medial conoid ligament and the more lateral trapezoid ligament.
conoid ligament
origin: knuckle of ...
Article
Coracoacromial ligament
The coracoacromial ligament is a flat triangular band that plays a supportive role for the shoulder joint.
Gross anatomy
originates from the medial border of the acromion
attaches to the lateral border of the coracoid process
overlies the subacromial bursa
indirectly supports the head of th...
Article
Glenohumeral joint
The glenohumeral joint is a synovial joint between the head of the humerus and the glenoid of the scapula.
Summary
articulation: ball and socket joint between the head of the humerus and the glenoid
joint: shoulder
ligaments: glenohumeral, coracohumeral and transverse humeral ligaments
move...
Article
Pampiniform plexus
The pampiniform plexus (plural: plexuses) is the venous network of approximately 10 veins draining the testis and epididymis in males, and the ovary in females.
In females, the plexus draining the ovary is found within the broad ligament adjacent to the ovary and fallopian tube. Each network co...
Article
Adductor longus muscle
The adductor longus muscle is a large triangular-shaped muscle located in the medial compartment of the thigh and belongs to the hip adductors muscle group. The muscle forms the floor of the femoral triangle.
Summary
origin: body of pubis (inferior to pubic crest and lateral to pubic symphysis...
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