Articles
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1,981 results found
Article
Tissue tropism
Tissue tropism is a phenomenon by which certain host tissues preferentially support the growth and proliferation of pathogens. This concept is central to the radiological evaluation of infectious disease.
Pathology
As infections that display tissue tropism will thrive in certain tissue locati...
Article
Ring shadow (disambiguation)
Ring shadows are radiographic signs seen on either chest x-rays or on upper gastrointestinal fluoroscopy:
ring shadow (chest)
ring shadow (abdomen)
Article
Pulmonary-renal syndromes
Pulmonary-renal syndromes refer to a group of conditions that can affect the lung and kidneys. These conditions are typically characterized by diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis.
Diseases that can result in a pulmonary-renal syndrome includes:
certain pulmonary vasculitides
c...
Article
Bronchopulmonary foregut malformation
Bronchopulmonary foregut malformation (BPFM) is a term that encompases:
congenital pulmonary airways malformation (CPAM)
pulmonary sequestration
hybrid lesion
foregut duplication cysts
bronchogenic cyst
neurenteric cyst
enteric cyst
Embryology
They result from anomalous budding of the ...
Article
Rheumatoid pulmonary vasculitis
Rheumatoid pulmonary vasculitis is one of the rare pulmonary manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis. It is usually considered to be associated with long-standing, severe, erosive, nodular, and seropositive disease 1.
See also
pulmonary vasculitides
Article
Lane-Hamilton syndrome
Lane-Hamilton syndrome (LHS) refers to the rare concurrent association of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis and celiac disease 1.
Epidemiology
It is typically seen in children under the age of 15 but can occasionally be seen in adults.
History and etymology
It was originally described by D ...
Article
Takeuchi procedure
The Takeuchi procedure refers to a direct anastomosis of the anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery directly to the aorta was described in the 1970s and currently remains the procedure of choice.
An intrapulmonary aortocoronary tunnel or baffle was performed by Takeuchi prior ...
Article
Phrenic nerve stimulation
Phrenic nerve stimulation is required when poor diaphragmatic function severely compromises respiratory function.
Generators are usually placed in the chest wall and wires are tunneled either into the chest or neck, where the electrode tip is placed next to the phrenic nerve. Pacing therefore r...
Article
Rheumatoid nodules
The term rheumatoid nodules can either mean
subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules 2 or
rheumatoid lung nodules 1
Article
Airspace nodules
Airspace nodules are irregularly marginated nodular opacities with air bronchograms that tend to measure 8 mm in diameter. They are quite separate from pulmonary nodules that range in size, are homogeneous and well-defined (being surrounded by normal lung).
Article
Acute right heart syndrome
Acute right heart syndrome (ARHS) is defined as a sudden deterioration in right ventricular (RV) function and failure of the RV to deliver adequate blood flow to the pulmonary circulation. This can result in systemic hypoperfusion.
Pathology
ARHS can occur in several settings 1
in the setting...
Article
Primary pulmonary lobule
Primary pulmonary lobule is not a term used with any frequency in HRCT, but is the reason the secondary pulmonary lobule has its name.
A primary pulmonary lobule is defined as the lung unit distal to the respiratory bronchioles. It is significantly smaller than an acinus, and is composed of alv...
Article
Lower respiratory tract infection
A lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is a very broad term which can mean inflammation of the respiratory tract below the level of the larynx. This term may include a pneumonia (which is often given to described more organized consolidation within the lungs). There is also overlap with the ...
Article
Congenital tracheomalacia
Congenital tracheomalacia refers to a diverse group of conditions which result in a dilated trachea with increased compliance. Causes include:
cystic fibrosis: seen in up to 69% of patients 4
Mounier-Kuhn syndrome: idiopathic or associated with
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (in adults)
cutis laxa (...
Article
Air space opacities
The differential for air space opacities is extensive, and needs to be interpreted in context of chronicity (previous imaging) and clinical context. It is therefore useful to divide airspace opacities as follows:
acute airspace opacities with lymph node enlargement
acute airspace opacities: un...
Article
Transudate
A transudate is a collection of fluid that has a relatively low specific gravity and protein concentration. They occur secondary to increased hydrostatic pressure or reduced colloid oncotic pressure:
left ventricular failure (increased hydrostatic pressure)
hypoalbuminemia (decreased colloid o...
Article
Big rib sign
The big rib sign is a sign to differentiate right and left ribs on lateral chest radiographs.
It exploits a technique of magnification differences on lateral projections between right and left ribs. For example, on right lateral projections the left ribs appear larger than right ribs.
This s...
Article
Feingold syndrome
Feingold syndrome is characterized by the combination of:
microcephaly
digital abnormalities
alimentary tract atresias especially esophageal atresia
Article
Kveim Stilzbach skin test
The Kveim Stilzbach skin test is a sensitive and specific test for sarcoidosis, requiring the intradermal injection of homogenized spleen or liver material from a patient with known sarcoidosis. In patients with sarcoidosis, a typical sarcoid granuloma will develop at the injection site within 4...
Article
Panbronchiolitis
The term panbronchiolitis refers to a bronchiolitis affecting throughout the lungs. Most radiological publications describe this as diffuse panbronchiolitis.
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