Items tagged “rg_40_7_edit”
17 results found
Article
Orbital blow-out fracture
Orbital blow-out fractures occur when there is a fracture of one of the walls of orbit but the orbital rim remains intact. This is typically caused by a direct blow to the central orbit from a fist or ball.
Epidemiology
The blow-out fracture is the most common type of orbital fracture and is u...
Article
Deep vein thrombosis
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) most commonly occurs in the lower limbs, however, are not uncommon in the upper limb and neck deep veins. Other types of venous thrombosis, such as intra-abdominal and intracranial, are discussed in separate articles.
Terminology
The term indeterminate (equivocal) DV...
Article
Foreign body
Foreign bodies are objects lying partially or wholly within the body that originated in the external environment. Foreign body placement is voluntary or involuntary. Although implanted medical devices represent foreign bodies in the broad sense of the term, these have their own set of articles (...
Article
Mandibular fracture
Mandibular fractures are relatively common especially among young men. Although traditionally the mandible and base of skull are thought to form a complete bony ring, interrupted only by the TMJs. This should mean that the mandible should fracture in two places (akin to the bony pelvis) making s...
Article
Nightstick fracture (ulna)
Nightstick fractures are isolated fractures of the ulna, typically transverse and located in the mid-diaphysis and usually resulting from a direct blow. It is a characteristic defensive fracture when the patient tries to ward off an overhead blow from an assailant (or local law enforcement offic...
Article
HELLP syndrome
HELLP syndrome is a pregnancy-related condition and is an abbreviation for:
haemolysis
elevated liver enzymes and
low platelets
It is considered a severe and life-threatening form of pre-eclampsia although it can occur without co-existing pre-eclampsia.
Epidemiology
The estimated inciden...
Article
Nasal bone fracture
Nasal bone fractures are the most common type of facial fractures, accounting for ~45% of facial fractures, and are often missed when significant facial swelling is present.
Clinical presentation
Unsurprisingly, nasal bone fractures occur when the nose impacts against a solid object (e.g. fis...
Article
Endometritis
Endometritis refers to inflammation or infection involving the endometrium. Endometritis can be acute or chronic and may arise in an obstetric setting, such as following delivery or miscarriage, or in a non-obstetric setting due to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or endometrial instrumentation...
Article
Pectoralis major muscle
The pectoralis major muscle is a large fan-shaped muscle of the pectoral region, overlying the anterior chest wall but often considered an upper limb muscle due to its function.
Summary
origin: medial clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages, and external oblique aponeurosis
insertion: bicipital...
Article
Serratus anterior muscle
Serratus anterior muscle is one of the four muscles of the pectoral region.
Summary
origin: lateral surface of 1st to 8th or 9th ribs
insertion: medial border of the scapula
innervation: long thoracic nerve
action:
draws the scapula anteriorly against the chest wal...
Article
Glass foreign body
Glass foreign bodies may be present if they are ingested, inserted, or as a result of an injury. All glass is radiopaque 7.
Epidemiology
The prevalence of glass foreign bodies in wounds from injury has been recorded at a rate of 1.5% in superficial (subcutaneous) wounds and 7.5% of deeper woun...
Article
Rib fractures
Rib fractures are a common consequence of trauma and can cause life-threatening complications.
Epidemiology
Associations
Rib fractures are often associated with other injuries and the greater the number of rib fractures the more likely are associated injuries 1,3:
brachial plexus or subclavi...
Article
Facial fractures
Facial fractures are commonly caused by blunt or penetrating trauma at moderate or high levels of force. Such injuries may be sustained during a fall, physical assault, motor vehicle collision, or gunshot wound. The facial bones are thin and relatively fragile, making them susceptible to injury....
Article
Pectoralis major injury
Pectoralis major injuries are uncommon and include strains, tears and ruptures.
Epidemiology
mostly young, physically-active males age 20-40 years old, although has also reported in elderly women 1
associated with weight lifting (mostly bench press), although also reported during various ath...
Article
Foreign body granuloma
Foreign body granulomas represent a tissue granulomatous reaction to retained foreign bodies.
Clinical presentation
Foreign body granulomas typically present as a tender mass 1.
Pathology
Granulatmous reactions aim to either resorb organic (e.g. wood,) or sequester inorganic (e.g. metal, gl...
Article
Latissimus dorsi injury
Latissimus dorsi muscle injuries refer to muscle injuries of the latissimus dorsi muscle or tendon and have gained increasing awareness as sports injuries.
Epidemiology
The injury is fairly uncommon and mainly seen in overhead athletes, e.g. professional baseball pitchers 1.
Risk factors
ov...
Article
Side strain
Side strain or oblique abdominal muscle strain refers to a tear or strain type muscle injury of the oblique abdominal muscles seen in certain sports.
Epidemiology
Side strain is a rather uncommon injury mostly seen in certain athletes 1-3.
Risk factors
Sports or activities that increase the ...
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