Items tagged “stub”
1,309 results found
Article
Myotendinous unit
Myotendinous unit, also called muscle-tendon-bone or muscle-tendon-enthesis unit, is a complex structure, responsible for producing skeletal movement.
Gross anatomy
Myotendinous unit consists of bone, enthesis, tendon, myotendinous junction and muscle. However, the presence of certain componen...
Article
Myotendinous junction
Myotendinous junction (MTJ) is a part of the myotendinous unit, which connects muscle and tendon, and transmits forces between them.
Anatomy
Myotendinous junction consists of interdigitating tendon fibers and terminal myocytes, creating finger-like projections which increase the contact area b...
Article
Aseptic lymphocyte-dominant vasculitis-associated lesion (ALVAL)
Aseptic lymphocyte-dominant vasculitis-associated lesion (ALVAL) is a histological entity denoting a chronic inflammatory response to metal particles (cobalt and chromium ions) from a metal-on-metal prosthesis. The finding falls on the spectrum of adverse reactions to metal debris.
Pathology
I...
Article
Double inlet left ventricle
Double inlet left ventricle (DILV) describes a congenital cardiac anomaly in which both atrioventricular valves are associated with a single ventricle which demonstrates left ventricular morphology.
Epidemiology
This uncommon entity constituents 1% of all congenital cardiac anomalies, and is o...
Article
Fossa navicularis magna
Fossa navicularis magna, or sometimes simply fossa navicularis, is a variant depression on the ventral/inferior surface of the basioccipital portion of the clivus. It is a notch-like or rounded defect upon which the smaller pharyngeal fossa (foveola pharyngica) is superimposed 1. The prevalence ...
Article
Calcinosis cutis
Calcinosis cutis is the term used for the deposition of calcium salts in the skin and subcutaneous tissues.
Pathology
It is classified according to etiology as 1:
dystrophic (most common): characterized by normal serum calcium and phosphorus, an underlying disease process induces tissue damag...
Article
Smooth muscle actin
Smooth muscle actin (SMA) is a target in immunohistochemistry which is positive in cell lines which expresses actin. It is generally used to identify cells of myoepithelial origin 1.
Related pathology
leiomyoma
perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas)
Article
Bowl of grapes sign
The bowl of grapes sign has been described in synovial sarcoma. It refers to the characteristic multilobulated lesion subdivided by multiple septa, forming large cystic foci with regions of hemorrhage.
Article
Myometritis
Myometritis describes inflammation of the myometrium. It can fall under the broader umbrella term of pelvic inflammatory disease and can often be associated with endometritis. It can arise in a variety of situations with puerperal situations being the most common. In some situations, puerperal i...
Article
Surfer's myelopathy
Surfer's myelopathy is a rare, non-traumatic spinal cord injury occurring in novice surfers in whom prolonged hyperextension of the back causes infarction of the artery of Adamkiewicz.
Terminology
These patients are almost always novice surfers 1,2. However, cases of a similar syndrome have be...
Article
Petrosal fossula
The petrosal fossula refers to a small depression on the inferior surface of the petrous temporal bone. It is located in the ridge between the jugular fossa and external opening of the carotid canal. The petrosal fossula houses the inferior (petrous) ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve (origi...
Article
Teardrop sign (inferior orbital wall fracture)
The teardrop sign refers to the appearance of herniated intraorbital fat (+/- inferior rectus muscle) which has protruded through a fracture of the inferior orbital wall. This typically occurs following a "blow-out" fracture during a punch to the orbit 1.
Article
Airway foreign bodies in adults
Adults may inadvertently or intentionally ingest foreign bodies into the airway.
Article
Granulomatous epididymitis
Granulomatous epididymitis refers to a form of epididymitis secondary to a granulomatous process. It may or may not be associated with concurrent orchitis.
It is usually associated with:
tuberculosis - tuberculous epididymitis
bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine
Occasionally cases are idi...
Article
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Electrocardiography is the process of recording an electrocardiogram (ECG). An ECG is a recording of the heart's electrical activity carried out by measuring the potential difference across different points on the skin surface using electrodes.
Technique
This is often carried out as a '12 lead...
Article
Falciform ligament hernia
Falciform ligament hernias (alternative plural: herniae) are a very rare type of internal hernia occurring through a defect in the falciform ligament.
Epidemiology
Exceedingly rare, thought to comprise just 0.2% of all internal hernias 4.
Associations
laparoscopic surgery 2
Clinical present...
Article
Catel-Manzke syndrome
Catel-Manzke syndrome is a digitopalatal syndrome initially described in 1961. Inheritance pattern is unknown. Radiographic findings include micronagthia and accessory ossicles at the bases of the metacarpals.
Article
Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix
Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix is a rare type of invasive cervical cancer. These are very aggressive tumors with rapid lymph nodal metastasis 1,2.
Epidemiology
Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the cervix account for approximately ~2% of tumors of the cervix seen in the females of reproduct...
Article
Snapping scapula syndrome
Snapping scapula syndrome is an uncommon condition where on scapular movement there is pain associated with an audible or palpable grinding, clicking or snapping.
Pathology
Causes include 1,2:
scapulothoracic bursitis
scapular stabilizer muscular atrophy/fibrosis, e.g. long thoracic nerve i...
Article
Chronic ACL deficiency
Chronic ACL deficiency is a long term adverse outcome that can result from an untreated ACL injury. Patients often experience an unstable knee. They often result in or are associated with meniscal injury (medial more than lateral) and chondral damage 1-4.
See also
mucoid degeneration of ACL
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