Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
16,861 results found
Article
Fluoroscopic myelography
Fluoroscopic myelography is a technique that allows the visualization of the theca by the introduction of contrast medium into the CSF. This is usually accomplished by a lumbar puncture, or less commonly a suboccipital puncture.
The patient can then be tilted and rotated to cause the contrast, ...
Article
Subtalar joint injection (technique)
Subtalar joint injections are most often performed for osteoarthritis with injection into the posterior subtalar joint. Ultrasound, fluoroscopy and CT guidance can be used.
Indications
osteoarthritis
diagnostic
Contraindications
Absolute
anaphylaxis to contrast/injectates
active local/sy...
Article
Small heart sign
The small heart sign represents a rarely encountered but critical sign on chest caused by a sudden reduction of heart size caused by cardiac tamponade due to either tension pneumopericardium or pneumomediastinum.
A sudden, >2 cm reduction in the transverse cardiac diameter is considered highly...
Article
Quadratus femoris injection (technique)
Quadratus femoris injections under image guidance ensure precise delivery of an injectate into the quadratus femoris muscle and ensure the sciatic nerve is avoided during the procedure. CT and ultrasound can be used, with ultrasound becoming more challenging in those with larger body habitus.
...
Article
Intramedullary nailing
Intramedullary nailing is an internal fixation technique originally mainly used for the surgical management of long bone diaphyseal fractures and now, also in metaphyseal and periarticular fractures.
Indications
Indications of intramedullary nailing are the following 1,2:
extracapsular proxim...
Article
Charles T Dotter
Charles T Dotter (1920-1985) is often considered the father of interventional radiology who in 1964 performed the very first peripheral angioplasty, and made many other major contributions in this field.
Early life
Charles Theodore Dotter was born in Boston on 14 June 1920. He graduated with a...
Article
McMurray test
The McMurray test is used to assess the presence of meniscal tears within the knee.
Background
Clinical tests used for the detection of meniscal tears provide varying levels of diagnostic parameters including sensitivity and specificity. MRI is considered the most accurate diagnostic tool for ...
Article
Ultrahigh field MRI
Ultrahigh field (UHF) magnetic resonance imaging refers to imaging done on any MRI scanner with a main magnetic field (B0) strength of 7 tesla or greater. The first 7 T clinical scanner was introduced in 2017, and there are an ever increasing number of academic centers worldwide with ultrahigh f...
Article
Amnestic syndrome of the subcallosal artery
Amnestic syndrome of the subcallosal artery describes an acute amnestic syndrome secondary to ischemic stroke affecting the subcallosal artery which leads to infarction of the bilateral fornices.
Epidemiology
The exact incidence of amnestic syndrome of the subcallosal artery is not known, but ...
Article
Electrical impedance tomography
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a type of imaging based on sending small amounts of electrical current across tissue (when used for medical imaging) and measuring conductivity.
Terminology
There are several ways in which the EIT signal can be generated and processed, and these are oft...
Article
Human coronavirus
The human coronaviruses (hCoVs), members of the family Coronaviridae, are enveloped RNA viruses that affect humans, mammals and birds, causing both acute and chronic illnesses.
Four of the seven known human coronaviruses usually cause a mild coryzal illness only, these are HKU1, NL63, OC43, and...
Article
Intraperitoneal focal fat infarction
Intraperitoneal focal fat infarction (IFFI) refers to a group of self-limiting abdominal diseases where the primary insult is acute inflammation of intraperitoneal fat. They commonly mimic the more common causes of acute abdomen such as acute diverticulitis and acute appendicitis. The group incl...
Article
Perigastric appendagitis
Perigastric appendagitis is a rare inflammatory/ischemic process involving the perigastric ligaments (gastrohepatic, gastrosplenic and falciform ligaments).
Along with epiploic appendagitis and omental infarction, perigastric appendagitis falls under the umbrella of intraperitoneal focal fat in...
Article
Schneiderian papilloma
Schneiderian papillomas, also known as sinonasal papillomas, are benign sinonasal tumors that arise from the Schneiderian epithelium of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.
Epidemiology
Schneiderian papillomas account for ~2.5% (range 0.4-4.7%) of sinonasal tumors 2.
Pathology
The WHO cl...
Article
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) involves the administration of intravenous contrast agents consisting of microbubbles/nanobubbles of gas.
Clinical applications
liver
hepatic metastasis
cystadenoma/cystadenocarcinoma
cholangiocarcinoma
hepatocellular carcinoma
hepatic adenoma
focal no...
Article
Transient hepatic attenuation differences
Transient hepatic attenuation differences (THAD) lesions refer to areas of parenchymal enhancement visible during the hepatic artery phase on helical CT. They are thought to be a physiological phenomenon caused by the dual hepatic blood supply. Occasionally, they may be associated with hepatic t...
Article
Transient hepatic intensity difference
Transient hepatic intensity differences (THID) is a phenomenon observed on MRI imaging of the liver. They are considered a direct equivalent to transient hepatic attenuation differences (THAD) seen with CT and transient hepatic echogenicity differences (THED) with CEUS. They may be focal or non-...
Article
LI-RADS US Surveillance
Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System Ultrasound Surveillance (LI-RADS US Surveillance) is a standardized system with recommendations for imaging technique, interpretation and reporting for surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using unenhanced ultrasound in patients at high risk for ...
Article
CT/MRI LI-RADS
CT/MRI Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) is an algorithm for diagnosing and staging hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (CT/MRI Diagnostic LI-RADS) or assessing the response of HCC to locoregional treatment (CT/MRI Treatment Response LI-RADS) using CT or MRI with extracellular contras...
Article
Spinoglenoid notch ganglion cyst
Spinoglenoid notch ganglion cysts are a location-specific form of ganglion cysts that arise in the region of the spinoglenoid notch.
Epidemiology
They are generally rare and may be slightly more common in males 2.
Associations
glenoid labral tears: especially SLAP lesions 5
Clinical present...
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