Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
16,879 results found
Article
Bent bone dysplasias (differential)
Bent bone dysplasias are a class of skeletal dysplasia included in a 2010 classification of genetic skeletal disorders 1:
campomelic dysplasia
Stuve-Weidemann dysplasia
kyphomelic dysplasias, a diverse class, including
congenital bowing of the long bones
cartilage-hair hypoplasia (CHH; meta...
Article
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs), is a term that emerged from an international conference in 2006 1, and corresponds to a group of clinical syndromes related to the HIV infection in the cells of the nervous system expressing different degrees of impairment of cognition and associa...
Article
Wernicke's area
Wernicke's area (Brodmann area 22) is an area of the posterior temporal lobe in the dominant hemisphere concerned with the receptive components of speech.
Gross anatomy
Wernicke's area is located in the superior temporal gyrus, posterior to the posterior commissure line.
Relations
It is boun...
Article
Sutural diastasis
Sutural diastasis is an abnormal widening of the skull sutures. It may be physiological in a neonate during a growth spurt.
Pathology
In non-traumatic scenarios accelerated growth of the sutural connective tissue without concurrent ossification is the underlying pathology.
Etiology
trau...
Article
Metatarsus adductus
Metatarsus adductus is a type of foot deformity where there is medial deviation of the first metatarsal +/- medial displacement of the metatarsals on the cuneiform.
Epidemiology
It is considered the most common congenital foot abnormality.
Pathology
It can be congenital or acquired.
Associa...
Article
Adrenal vein sampling
Adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is a procedure where blood is collected from the adrenal veins via catheter to confirm autonomous hormone production, if it is unilateral or bilateral, and to guide further treatment 1. If unilateral, the adrenal gland can be removed by surgery; thus curing secondary ...
Article
Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA) is a syndrome characterized by a periosteal reaction of the long bones without an underlying bone lesion. There is a broad range of manifestations, although typically there is symmetrical involvement of the appendicular skeleton. Accompanying abnormal soft tis...
Article
Involucrum
An involucrum (plural: involucra) is a complication of osteomyelitis and represents a thick sheath of periosteal new bone surrounding a sequestrum.
Terminology
Involucrum should be used in the context of chronic osteomyelitis to describe an area of thickened viable bone that forms around an ar...
Article
Friedman line
The Friedman or scapular line can be used to determine glenoid version and glenoid bone loss 4. Glenoid version angle measured by the Friedman method has better inter-reader reliability than the scapular body method 2.
Measurement
The Friedman line is drawn along the long axis of the scapula ...
Article
CT angiography source image ASPECTS
CT angiography source image ASPECTS (CTA-SI ASPECTS) is an adaptation of ASPECTS for CTA and is a semiquantitative scoring system to characterize the extent and severity of mainly middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke, although it can be adapted to other vascular territories as well.
The adde...
Article
Tuberculous bronchostenosis
Tuberculous bronchostenosis is a potential complication that can occur from endobronchial tuberculosis, especially in a chronic form.
Pathology
Bronchostenosis usually begins as simple erythema and edema with lymphocytic submucosal infiltration followed by tubercle formation. Destruction and r...
Article
Cases
Cases are your personal collection, shared with the greater Radiopaedia community. Awesome cases will be selected by our editorial board to be featured on the Radiopaedia homepage (see previously featured cases) as well as to be promoted on our various social media channels.
Each month one case...
Article
Rib notching
Rib notching refers to deformation of the superior or inferior surface of the rib. It can affect a single rib (from trauma or solitary masses e.g. schwannoma) or can affect multiple ribs.
Differential diagnosis
The differentials differ according to whether it is the superior or inferior surfac...
Article
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) refers to the hematogenous spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Pathology
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis can occur as a primary form of the disease, i.e. direct infection of an extrapulmonary organ without the presence of primary pulmonary tuberculosis or it can ...
Article
Periosteal osteosarcoma
Periosteal osteosarcomas are intermediate-grade bone-forming neoplasms originating on the bony surface in strong association, typically underneath the periosteum.
Epidemiology
Periosteal osteosarcomas are the second most common type of surface-based osteosarcoma after parosteal osteosarcoma an...
Article
Bronchial stenosis
Bronchial stenosis, or bronchial strictures, are descriptive terms to denote regions of focal narrowing involving the bronchi. They can arise from a wide variety of etiologies.
Pathology
Etiology
It can arise from a large range of etiological factors, which include:
tracheobronchial malignan...
Article
Mickey Mouse sign (disambiguation)
In medical imaging, a Mickey Mouse sign or appearance has been given to imaging features that mimic Mickey Mouse when viewed from the front. It has been described in the following:
anencephaly 2
progressive supranuclear palsy 1
synonymously with a finger in glove sign
the flared shape of the...
Article
Sessile
Sessile is a pathological term which is used for lesions that are attached by their base, that is they lack a stalk i.e. are not pedunculated. It is most commonly used for intraluminal polyps in the GI tract.
History and etymology
Sessile is derived from the Latin word "sessilis" which means s...
Article
Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung
Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) of the lung is a subtype of invasive adenocarcinoma of the lung formerly known as mucinous bronchoalveolar carcinoma (BAC). They are more likely to be multicentric and tend to have a worse prognosis than non-mucinous types.
Terminology
In 2011, the Inter...
Article
American Society of Neuroradiology
American Society of Neuroradiology (ASNR) was established in 1962 to ensure that neuroradiologists in the United States could freely exchange ideas and act with a common voice. It publishes the American Journal of Neuroradiology (AJNR) and Neurographics.
History
At the VIth Symposium Neuroradi...
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