Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
45 results found
Article
Ventricular interdependence
Ventricular interdependence (or ventricular coupling) is a phenomenon whereby the function of one ventricle is altered by changes in the filling of the other ventricle. This leads to a volume increase of one ventricle associated with a decreased volume in the opposite ventricle 1.
This conditio...
Article
Straight left heart border sign
Straight left heart border sign is a described finding on chest radiograph in cases of hemopericardium. It is a fairly specific (84%) sign of hemopericardium after a penetrating chest trauma, although sensitivity at 40% is relatively poor. Positive predictive value (PPV) was found to be 89% 1.
...
Article
Obliteration of the retrosternal airspace
Obliteration of the retrosternal airspace is a sign on lateral chest radiographs which can be due to anterior mediastinal mass or right ventricular hypertrophy.
Article
Napkin-ring sign (heart)
The napkin-ring sign is a feature of high-risk coronary artery atherosclerotic plaque on CT coronary angiogram (coronary CTA). It has been shown to possess a high predictive value in predicting future cardiac events and is considered one of the imaging correlates of an unstable plaque. It is one...
Article
Napkin ring sign (disambiguation)
The napkin ring sign may refer to either of the following imaging findings:
napkin ring sign (colon): colonic stenosis such as due to colon cancer
napkin ring sign (coronary): coronary artery vulnerable plaque
A clinical napkin ring sign of myotonia (e.g. in myotonic dystrophy) also exists, w...
Article
Double density sign (left atrium)
The double-density sign, also known as the double right heart border, is seen on frontal chest radiographs in the presence of left atrial enlargement, and occurs when the right side of the left atrium extends behind the right cardiac shadow, indenting the adjacent lung and forming its own distin...
Article
Pyrexia
Pyrexia (or fever) is a clinical sign, indicated by an abnormally elevated core body temperature, which is defined by several medical societies as ≥38.3°C (≥≈101°F). The temperature elevation may be persistent or episodic. If the body temperature is greater than 41.5°C - a rare phenomenon - it i...
Article
Deer horn sign
The deer horn sign is a reliable sign and an important diagnostic clue of passive congestive hepatopathy due to heart failure on ultrasonography 1. In the deer horn sign, the head is formed by a dilated inferior cava, and the engorged hepatic veins resemble horns. It has also been described as t...
Article
Saddle pulmonary embolism
Saddle pulmonary embolism commonly refers to a large pulmonary embolism that straddles the bifurcation of the pulmonary trunk, extending into the left and right pulmonary arteries.
If large enough, it can completely obstruct both left and right pulmonary arteries resulting in right heart failur...
Article
Upper lobe pulmonary venous diversion
Upper lobe pulmonary venous diversion (also described as cephalisation of the pulmonary veins) reflects elevation of left atrial pressure and is an early sign of pulmonary edema.
Clinical presentation
The normal left atrial pressure is 5-10 mmHg. An elevation of left atrial pressure to 10-15 m...
Article
Porcelain left atrium
Porcelain left atrium, also known as coconut left atrium, is a term used when a large part of or the entire left atrial wall becomes calcified. It can occur as a rare consequence of endocarditis (with underlying rheumatic heart disease). It has also been described in the setting of end-stage ren...
Article
Figure of eight appearance
The following lesions may resemble a figure of eight (sometimes referred to as snowman shaped):
supracardiac variety of total anomalous pulmonary venous return 1
pituitary macroadenoma with suprasellar extension 2
intraspinal neurofibroma with extraspinal extension through neural for...
Article
Snoopy sign
The Snoopy sign is a chest radiographic appearance in pericardial agenesis. It is due to combination of cardiac levoposition (heart shifted to the left), lengthening and flattening of the border of the left ventricle, radiolucency separating the left ventricle and left hemidiaphragm, radiolucenc...
Article
McConnell's sign (echocardiography)
The McConnell's sign describes a regional pattern of acute right ventricular dysfunction on transthoracic echocardiography first observed in a cohort of patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism. In contrast to the global wall motion abnormalities observed in chronic right ventricular dysfun...
Article
Finger clubbing
Finger clubbing, also called "drumstick fingers" or Hippocratic fingers, is a common clinical sign mainly seen in patients with heart or lung disease. The term is used to describe an enlargement of the distal phalanges of the fingers, giving them a drumstick or club-like appearance.
Clinical p...
Article
60/60 sign (echocardiography)
The 60/60 sign in echocardiography refers to the coexistence of a truncated right ventricular outflow tract acceleration time (AT <60 ms) with a pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) of less than 60 mmHg (but more than 30 mmHg). In the presence of right ventricular failure, it is consisten...
Article
Inferior vena caval contrast reflux
Reflux of contrast into inferior vena cava can be common findings seen on CT. It is considered a specific but insensitive sign of right-sided heart disease / right heart dysfunction at low contrast injection rates although the usefulness decreases with high injection rates.
Conditions associate...
Article
Retroaortic anomalous coronary sign (echocardiography)
The retroaortic anomalous coronary (RAC) sign describes the sonographic appearance of an anomalous left coronary artery traveling posteriorly to the aortic root. It is most commonly observed with anomalous origin of the left circumflex artery from the right sinus of Valsalva, but is also describ...
Article
Contrast level within inferior vena cava
A dependent contrast level within the inferior vena cava is a situation that can be observed in some cases with inferior vena caval contrast reflux. Its presence is usually associated with very poor cardiac output and can be accompanied by dependent layering of venous refluxed contrast within th...
Article
Apical rocking
Apical rocking is a radiographic sign that might be seen either on echocardiography or cine imaging on cardiac MRI in the four-chamber view and refers to a movement of the cardiac apex in cardiac dyssynchrony. It is characterized by the following 1-3:
short-timed movement of the apex towards th...
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.