Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
320 results found
Article
Neurofibromin
Neurofibromin is a protein coded for by the NF1 gene located on chromosome 17 (17q11.2). It is a multifunctional protein and is involved in the regulation of many cellular signaling pathways. In patients with a mutation of the NF1 gene, neurofibromin is defective and results in the clinical synd...
Article
MAPK pathway
The MAPK pathway (mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway) also known as the RAS/MAPK pathway is an oncogenic pathway and is most commonly involved in human cancers.
It consists of a membrane receptor tyrosine kinase which when bound to by a growth factor results in activation of the signal t...
Article
Macrolipasemia
Macrolipasemia is the presence of serum lipase of a large molecular size, seen occasionally in otherwise healthy individuals, but more commonly in various diseases. Lipase is able to self-polymerize and/or form complexes with other blood proteins e.g. immunoglobulins.
Epidemiology
Epidemiologi...
Article
Macroamylasemia
Macroamylasemia is the presence of serum amylase of a large molecular size, seen in both otherwise healthy individuals, and also in various diseases. Amylase seems to be able to self-polymerize and/or form complexes with other blood proteins, e.g. immunoglobulins.
Epidemiology
Macroamylasemia ...
Article
Lipase
Lipase, more specifically pancreatic lipase, is an enzyme produced in the pancreas and is responsible for the digestion of fat molecules. It may be raised (hyperlipasemia) in numerous pancreatic, hepatobiliary and other diseases but is most commonly associated with acute pancreatitis.
Physiolog...
Article
Reed-Sternberg cells
Reed-Sternberg cells are a classical finding diagnostic of Hodgkin lymphoma. They are giant, multinucleated cells with abundant pale cytoplasm. Reed-Sternberg cells are rare, making up <1% of lymphoid tissue, with the background consisting of lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils and macrophages.
Article
Poliovirus
Poliovirus is the causative agent involved in poliomyelitis. It is a single-stranded RNA virus and one of the smallest significantly described viruses:
group: group IV
family: picornaviruses
genus: enterovirus
species: enterovirus C
subtype: poliovirus
Related pathology
poliomyelitis
pol...
Article
Hepascore
Hepascore is a biochemical severity scoring system based on liver function tests in predicting the extent of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis in patients with hepatitis C infection. Hepascore may also be applicable to other liver diseases and is being trialed for fatty liver disease and hepatitis B infe...
Article
CA 27-29
CA 27-29 is a tumor marker and is a soluble form of glycoprotein MUC1. It may be elevated in patients with breast cancer. Tumors of the colon, stomach, kidney, lung, ovary, pancreas, uterus, and liver may also raise CA 27-29 levels.
Certain non-malignant conditions are also associated with its ...
Article
Glial cells
Glial cells, or neuroglia, are cells that surround the neurons of the central nervous system embedded between them, providing both structural and physiological support 1-3. Together they account for almost half of the total mass 1 and 90% of all cells of the central nervous system 3. These numb...
Article
Rosenthal fibers
Rosenthal fibers are astrocytic cytoplasmic inclusions, typically found in areas of longstanding gliosis. These elongated or "corkscrew" structures occur within astrocytic processes and are brightly eosinophilic (stain bright pink on the H&E stain) 1-3. They represent astrocytic processes swolle...
Article
Ependymocytes
Ependymocytes are one of the three types of ependymal cells, which in turn are one of the four principles types of glial cells, and are found lining the ventricular system of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord 1.
They do not form a water-tight barrier between the cerebrospinal ...
Article
Oligodendrocytes
Oligodendrocytes are one of the four principles types of glial cells and are the central nervous system equivalent of the Schwann cells found peripherally. They wrap the neurons of the brain and spinal cord with myelin 1.
See also
oligodendroglioma
Article
Choroidal epithelial cells
Choroidal epithelial cells are one of the three types of ependymal cells, themselves a type of glial cell. They cover the surface of the choroid plexus and produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). 1.
Article
WHO histological classification of tumors of the uterine cervix
The WHO histological classification is a detailed classification of tumors of the uterine cervix.
epithelial tumors
squamous tumors and precursors
squamous cell carcinoma, not otherwise specified - 8070/3
keratinizing - 8071/3
non-keratinizing - 8072/3
basaloid - 8083/3
verrucous - 8051/3...
Article
Picornaviruses
Picornaviruses (pico-RNA-viruses) are non-enveloped, positive-stranded RNA viruses with an icosahedral capsule. Their positive, single stranded RNA architecture places them in Baltimore group IV. The name derives from the fact that they are small (pico) RNA viruses.
The picornavirus family cont...
Article
Kikuchi level
The Kikuchi level is a histopathological term used for describing the degree of infiltration of a sessile early invasive colorectal cancer1. Preoperative assessment of the level of invasion using this classification may decrease the incidence of unnecessary surgery for sessile polyps.
Levels o...
Article
Atypical small acinar proliferation
Atypical small acinar proliferations (ASAP) are premalignant lesions of the prostate, which can be found in as many as 5% of prostate biopsies. They are suspicious glands without adequate histologic atypia to establish a definitive diagnosis of prostate cancer. Some studies showed that there is ...
Article
Tissue tropism
Tissue tropism is a phenomenon by which certain host tissues preferentially support the growth and proliferation of pathogens. This concept is central to the radiological evaluation of infectious disease.
Pathology
As infections that display tissue tropism will thrive in certain tissue locati...
Article
Columnar alteration with prominent apical snouts and secretions
Columnar alteration with prominent apical snouts and secretions (CAPSS) is a pathological entity encountered when breast biopsies are done for investigation of punctate or amorphous calcifications. CAPSS involves the terminal ductal and lobular units (TDLU's).
It is sometimes classified under t...
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.