Articles

Cases

Courses

Articles

Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.

Create new article

1,141 results found

Claustrum sign

The claustrum sign refers to the bilateral claustral involvement classically seen in febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES). This sign is described on T2 and FLAIR MRI sequences, as hyperintensity of both claustra during the acute phase and posterior hypointensity during the chroni...

Harlequin eye deformity

The harlequin eye deformity is characterized by elevation of the superolateral corner of the orbit. It may be seen in unilateral (plagiocephaly) or bilateral (brachycephaly) coronal suture synostosis. History and etymology The term harlequin eye derives from the appearance of the eyes on a har...

Vegetable and plant inspired signs

There are many signs in radiology which are vegetable- and plant-inspired, they include: Unprocessed produce bamboo spine bright tree appearance celery stalk (disambiguation): celery stalk sign anterior cruciate ligament celery stalk metaphysis Christmas tree intestinal atresia coconut l...

Trident sign (persistent primitive trigeminal artery)

The trident sign of a persistent primitive trigeminal artery refers to the appearance of the intracranial circulation on lateral projection. The internal carotid artery, the abnormal vessel and superior portion of the basilar artery resemble the Greek letter tau (thus tau sign). This configurati...

Bilateral middle cerebellar peduncle lesions

Bilateral lesions of the middle cerebellar peduncles, resulting in the middle cerebellar peduncle sign, are uncommon and can be seen either in isolation (rare) or along with other regions of involvement. Despite their relative rarity, they have a fairly long list of potential causes (see below)...

Intramural fat of the urinary bladder

Intramural fat of the urinary bladder is an occasional benign finding on CT/MRI. Epidemiology The incidence of this finding in histopathological studies is up to 4%. There is a male predominance 4. Clinical presentation It is typically an incidental, asymptomatic finding. Pathology Adipoc...

Amniotic fluid sludge (ultrasound)

Amniotic fluid sludge is a finding in obstetric transvaginal ultrasound scanning. Defined as free-floating hyperechogenic material in close proximity to the cervical internal os within the amniotic cavity of women with intact fetal membranes 1. It images as a dense, homogenous mass 2. Pathology...

Morning glory syndrome (eye)

Morning glory disc anomaly (MGDA), also known as morning glory syndrome, is a rare congenital malformation of the optic nerve which is frequently associated with midline abnormalities of the brain and skull 1. Epidemiology Morning glory disc anomaly is rare and is more commonly found in female...

Signs article structure

Articles on signs are in general short articles and do not usually require subheadings. ======================================================================= Signs are numerous in radiology and typically relate to a specific appearance or feature that is reminiscent of an object. A named sig...

Double panda sign

The double panda sign refers to the combination of the face of the giant panda and face of the miniature panda (cub of the giant panda) seen on T2 weighted images of midbrain and pons respectively, most commonly seen in Wilson disease. The midbrain face of the giant panda sign consists of norma...

Patellotrochlear index

Patellotrochlear index is one of the methods to determine patellar height. Measurement The patellotrochlear index is measured on a sagittal MR image with the maximal patellar cartilage thickness and the maximal craniocaudal diameter of the patella. Two measurements are made: A: the length o...

Caton-Deschamps index (knee)

The Caton-Deschamps index is used to measure patellar height and identify patella alta and patella baja. The Caton-Deschamps index relies upon the length of the patellar articular surface and its distance from the tibia, reducing erroneous measurements in those with long patella bodies, as measu...

Striated nephrogram

Striated nephrogram is a descriptive term indicating the appearance of alternating linear bands of high and low attenuation in a radial pattern extending through the corticomedullary layers of the kidney on iodine-based intravenous contrast-enhanced imaging. It is important to know that a simil...

Target sign (intussusception)

The target sign of intestinal intussusception, also known as the doughnut sign or bull's eye sign. The appearance is generated by concentric alternating echogenic and hypoechoic bands. The echogenic bands are formed by the serosa and submucosa either side of the hypoechoic muscularis propria 1....

Hanging chin sign

The hanging chin sign, also known as the chin-on-chest sign, is a radiological sign appreciated on plain chest radiographs in a geriatric (≥65 years of age) patient population. The sign describes when, on a plain chest radiograph, the mandible projects over one or more ribs 1,2. This sign is cl...

Napkin-ring sign (heart)

The napkin-ring sign is a feature of high-risk coronary artery atherosclerotic plaque on CT coronary angiogram (coronary CTA). It has been shown to possess a high predictive value in predicting future cardiac events and is considered one of the imaging correlates of an unstable plaque. It is one...

Starfield pattern (fat embolism)

A starfield pattern has been described as being typical of DWI of patients with cerebral fat embolism 1,2. Although the term is closely linked to the diagnosis of fat embolism, it should be noted that such an appearance is merely the result of very numerous microemboli. As such, a similar patter...

String of pearls sign (watershed infarction)

The string of pearls sign is seen on diffusion-weighted imaging of T2/FLAIR as a series of rounded areas of signal abnormality adjacent to, but separate from, the lateral ventricle. This represents a deep border zone infarct between the penetrating cortical arteries and ascending perforating art...

Reverse bat wing pulmonary opacities

Reverse bat wing pulmonary opacities refer to peripheral opacities of the lungs, sparing the perihilar region. It is a relatively unusual appearance with a fairly narrow differential 1: common chronic eosinophilic pneumonia 2,3 organizing pneumonia 3,5 rare pulmonary contusion: in the setti...

Ginkgo leaf sign (subcutaneous emphysema)

The ginkgo leaf sign of the chest, also referred to as the ginkgo leaf sign of subcutaneous emphysema, is a radiographic appearance seen with extensive subcutaneous emphysema of the chest wall. Gas outlines the fibers of the pectoralis major muscle and creates a branching pattern that resembles ...

Filtered (2)Done (clear)

+Systems

×Article Sections

×Sort By

ADVERTISEMENT: Supporters see fewer/no ads

Updating… Please wait.

Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.

Thank you for updating your details.