Endometrial carcinoma is the most common female gynecologic malignancy. It is thought to be caused by prolonged estrogen exposure.

Specific risk factors include nulliparity, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and tamoxifen, over 95% of endometrial carcinoma presents with postmenopausal bleeding.

The radiological findings suggestive of endometrial carcinoma are thickened endometrial with the presence of ill-defined margins separating the endometrium and the myometrium.

Staging of endometrial carcinoma is based on the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) system, which characterizes the extent of the disease based on the involvement of the cervix, vagina, uterine serosa, adnexa, adjacent bladder/bowel, inguinal lymph nodes, and/or distant metastases.

The presence or extent of myometrial invasion is the key for staging purposes.