Extra-articular lateral hindfoot impingement

Case contributed by Henry Knipe
Diagnosis certain

Presentation

Progressively worse right ankle and foot pain.

Patient Data

Age: 70 years
Gender: Male


Moderate hindfoot valgus. No fixed pes planus alignment on this non-weightbearing examination. Ankle and posterior subtalar joint effusions. No osteochondral defect of the talar dome or distal tibial performed. Osteophytosis of the anterolateral ankle joint.

Marked edema within the sinus tarsi with extensive marrow edema and low T1 signal involving the talus, centered on the inferior apex of the lateral talar process, and the calcaneus, centered on the apex angle of the Gissane. Edema and fibers disruption of the interosseous talocalcaneal ligament. Subcortical cyst formation is also prominent within the mid talus and lesser so at the distal fibula with subfibular soft tissue edema. Mild osteophytic lipping of the anterior portion of the posterior subtalar joint as well as of the anterior subtalar joint without established osteoarthritis. Calcaneocuboid joint effusion. Severe osteoarthritis of the 4th tarsometatarsal joint with associated effusion.

Heterogeneous AITFL suggestive of prior injury. No tear of the distal interosseous membrane or the PITFL. Thinned ATFL suggestive of chronic partial rupture. CFL is chronically ruptured. Chronic partial tear to the deep deltoid fibers. Chronic tear to the lateral component of the spring ligament complex; inferior and superomedial components appear mildly heterogeneous but are intact. Thinned dorsal talonavicular and bifurcate ligaments.

Plantar calcaneal spur with mild thickening and edema and further edema of the plantar calcaneal fat pad. Mid and insertional Achilles tendinosis.

Anterior/flexor tendons are intact. Tibialis posterior tendinosis with an inframalleolar interstitial split tear measuring approximate 2 cm in length with a small tendon sheath effusion. No accessory navicular. Remaining flexor tendons are intact. Common peroneal tendon sheath effusion. Peroneus brevis and longus tenosynovitis and interstitial split tear.

Case Discussion

There is a lot going on in this case:

  • hindfoot valgus with extra-articular talocalcaneal impingement; suggestion of developing calcaneofibular impingement with subortical cysts present at the lateral malleolar tip
  • tibialis posterior tenosynovitis with interstitial split tear
  • peroneal brevis and longs tenosynovitis with interstitial split tears
  • numerous chronic ligamentous injuries

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