Pulmonary carcinoid tumours account for what % of pulmonary tumours?
Approximately 1-5% (Robbins 10th Ed)
What are the 2 pathological types of pulmonary carcinoid tumours?
Typical (<2 mitoses and lacks necrosis) and Atypical (2-10 mitoses and foci of necrosis, more likely to be disorganised)
What % of bronchial carcinoids are associated with Carcinoid Syndrome?
10% (Robbins 10th Ed) The vast majority are non-secretory!
Are carcinoids benign or malignant?
Carcinoid tumors are low-grade malignant epithelial neoplasms.
Right lower lobe basal bronchiectasis. 15mm hyperdense, partially calcified rounded endoluminal mass in the right lower lobe bronchus.
Bilateral 1st rib and left 2-4th rib fractures.
Non displaced sternal body and manubrium fractures with a small retrosternal haematoma.
C7 and T1 spinous process fractures. T2 spinolaminar fracture.
T3 burst fracture and bilateral lamina fractures. Paraverterbal haematoma.
T4 superior endplate fracture.