The patient proceeded to a radical right nephro-ureterectomy.
Histopathology
MACROSCOPIC DESCRIPTION: A kidney (273g, 105x45x45mm) with ureter (130mm length, 8mm diameter), renal vein (up to 20mm), renal anterior (up to 15mm) and perinephric fat (up to 30mm). Arising within the renal pelvis and extending into a calyx is a friable tan-brown exophytic tumour 45x30x4mm. Tumour does not appear to invade the pelvic wall or renal parenchyma and is clear of the perinephric margin by 3mm. Tumour appears to extend down proximal ureter to a distance of 20mm. A renal cortical cyst up to 12mm is present. The remaining kidney is normal. Lymph nodes are not identified.
MICROSCOPIC DESCRIPTION: Sections of kidney show a tumour arising from the renal pelvis, comprising large papillae lined by thickened urothelium showing minor nuclear crowding, enlargement and loss of nuclear polarity. Tumour extends into proximal ureter and involves a renal calyx. Invasion is not identified. Tumour is clear of the perinephric, ureteric and vascular margins. A simple benign cortical cyst is present, which is lined by bland flattened epithelium. Renal parenchyma away from the capsule and tumour shows mild intimal fibroelastosis of small arteries but is otherwise normal.
DIAGNOSIS: Non-invasive low grade papillary urothelial carcinoma arising from renal pelvis.