Renal angiomyolipoma with spontaneous rupture
Discussion:
- Angiomyolipoma (AML) is the most common mesenchymal tumor of kidney, composed of varying admixtures of blood vessels, smooth muscles, and mature fat.
- AMLs contain thick-walled inelastic blood vessels with a greater risk of hemorrhage if the lesion is more 4 cm.
- AMLs are benign tumors and they are hormone sensitive (estrogen, progesterone).
- They therefore tend to grow during pregnancy and their main complication is the risk of rupture.
- Large vascular tumors may be embolized to reduce the risk of bleeding (especially if future pregnancy is likely).
- A triad of acute flank pain, flank mass, and hypovolemic shock is known as Lenk's triad which are the clinical manifestations of Wunderlich syndrome.
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