Items tagged “cases”
5,532 results found
Article
Lederer-Brill disease
Lederer-Brill disease is a transient autoimmune hemolytic anemia with very variable clinical features 1.
Epidemiology
Lederer-Brill disease is slightly more prevalent in females 1.
Clinical presentation
It usually occurs in children with a recent history of infection. Symptoms and signs incl...
Article
Long-term epilepsy-associated tumors
Long-term epilepsy-associated tumors (LEATs) is a pragmatic grouping of varied primary brain tumors that share a number of features including slow indolent growth rate, localization to the cortex and a predilection for the temporal lobe.
These characteristics combine to make them a common cause...
Article
Cervicofacial actinomycosis
Cervicofacial actinomycosis is the most frequent manifestation of Actinomyces infection 1,2.
Epidemiology
Although the prevalence of cervicofacial actinomycosis cases varies with geographical regions, the disease has male gender predilection. Risk factors including poor oral hygiene, oral trau...
Article
Trident sign (neurosarcoidosis)
The trident sign is a radiological (MRI) sign described in spinal cord neurosarcoidosis.
The sign is formed by the axial appearance of a longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis due to spinal cord neurosarcoidosis, whereby on a T1 post-contrast (gadolinium) MRI sequence, there is central ca...
Article
Acrodysotosis
Acrodysotosis, also known as Arkless-Graham syndrome, Maroteaux-Malamut syndrome or acrodysplasia, is a rare genetic disorder affecting bone growth.
Epidemiology
The true incidence is not known. There is no known gender predilection. The condition is often detected in early childhood.
Clinica...
Article
H sign (spinal cord)
The H sign is a radiological sign appreciated on MRI spine that is classically described in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD).
The sign describes the involvement of spinal cord grey matter as seen on axial T2 sequences in patients with myelit...
Article
Dyspepsia
Dyspepsia is a group of upper abdominal gastrointestinal symptoms often described as a burning sensation, discomfort, nausea and bloating, especially after meals.
Epidemiology
Dyspepsia is a common condition affecting up to 25% of the population in the United States.
Clinical presentation
bl...
Article
Trapeziotrapezoid ligament
The trapeziotrapezoid ligament is one of the three distal interosseous ligaments of the wrist 1,2. It acts along with the capitotrapezoid and capitohamate ligaments to stabilize the distal carpal row and keep them moving as a single unit 1,2.
Gross anatomy
Each of the distal interosseous ligam...
Article
Triquetrocapitate ligament
The triquetrocapitate ligament is one of the palmar intrinsic midcarpal ligaments 1. Along with the triquetrohamate ligament this ligament forms the triquetrohamocapitate ligament, which forms the ulnar limb of the arcuate ligament of the wrist 1,2. It is often contiguous with the ulnocapitate l...
Article
12q14 microdeletion syndrome
12q14 microdeletion syndrome or osteopoikilosis-short stature-intellectual disability syndrome is caused by heterozygous deletion at the region of 12q14. The microdeletion affects the LEMD3 gene which has already been implicated in osteopoikilosis.
Epidemiology
Prevalence is <1 in 1 million li...
Article
Hypermetropia
Hypermetropia, also known as long-sightedness or hyperopia, is a refractive disorder. Though it can happen in any age group, it usually starts from mid-late adulthood.
Clinical presentation
In this condition, distant objects are seen better than close objects.
Pathology
The blurriness of nea...
Article
Alice in Wonderland syndrome
Alice in Wonderland syndrome, also known as Todd syndrome, is a rare condition affecting the sensory inputs in the brain.
Epidemiology
Alice in Wonderland syndrome most common in children with over two-third of cases occurring in the pediatric demographic 1.
Clinical presentation
Alice in Wo...
Article
Botulism
Botulism is a neuroparalytic syndrome manifesting as diffuse generalized flaccid paralysis caused by exposure to botulinum neurotoxin. It can be potentially fatal.
Botulinum toxin is the deadliest toxin due to high lethality and potency. The lethal dose (LD 50) is 1-3 ng of toxin per 1 kg of bo...
Article
Flexor carpi radialis tendon tunnel
The flexor carpi radialis tendon tunnel is a fibro-osseous canal in the anterior/volar aspect of the wrist. The tendon of the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) muscle occupies approximately 90% of the available space in the tunnel.
Gross anatomy
The FCR tendon travels above the scaphoid and through ...
Article
Bloomy rind sign (leptomeningeal metastases)
The bloomy rind sign is a radiological sign appreciated on MRI brain that is rarely but characteristically described in patients with leptomeningeal metastases (leptomeningeal carcinomatosis).
The sign describes the appearance of a curvilinear T2/FLAIR hyperintensity on the brainstem surface, t...
Article
Episcleritis
Episcleritis describes inflammation of the thin outer layer of the sclera. The episcleral layer is present in between the conjunctiva and sclera and can become acutely inflamed unilaterally or bilaterally.
Clinical presentation
Clinically, patients may present with:
red eye(s)
ocular discomf...
Article
HIV-associated CD8+ encephalitis
HIV-associated CD8+ encephalitis, or simply CD8+ encephalitis, is an inflammatory encephalopathy caused by perivascular and intraparenchymal CD8+ T cell infiltration, occurring in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, despite often having adequate viral suppression. It is a...
Article
Bone grafting of reverse Hill-Sachs defects
Bone grafting of reverse Hill-Sachs defect is the surgical restoration of the humeral head due to compromised shoulder stability from large defects, which in patients without significant glenoid bone loss who have good bone stock, preserved articular cartilage, and humeral head defect between 20...
Article
Riche-Cannieu anastomosis
Riche-Cannieu anastomosis describes a common interneural communication between the median nerve and the ulnar nerve in the hand.
Gross anatomy
Generally, this anastomosis is specifically between the deep palmar branch of the ulnar nerve and the recurrent branch of the median nerve, although ma...
Article
Small bowel diaphragm disease
Small bowel diaphragm disease is a rare clinical entity involving diaphragm-like septa causing small bowel lumen narrowing.
Epidemiology
Small bowel diaphragm disease is a relatively rare disease, with limited reported literature on its incidence and prevalence 1.
Risk factors
The following ...
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.